diff --git a/api/dbus/org.desktopspec.ApplicationManager1.Application.xml b/api/dbus/org.desktopspec.ApplicationManager1.Application.xml
index 57a09aa..af2b1e7 100644
--- a/api/dbus/org.desktopspec.ApplicationManager1.Application.xml
+++ b/api/dbus/org.desktopspec.ApplicationManager1.Application.xml
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
         </property>
 
         <property name="AutoStart" type="b" access="readwrite"/>
+        <property name="LastLaunchedTime" type="t" access="read"/>
 
         <property name="Instances" type="ao" access="read">
             <annotation
diff --git a/apps/dde-application-manager/src/main.cpp b/apps/dde-application-manager/src/main.cpp
index 0130a74..419a3ed 100644
--- a/apps/dde-application-manager/src/main.cpp
+++ b/apps/dde-application-manager/src/main.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ void registerComplexDbusType()
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+#ifdef PROFILING_MODE
     auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+#endif
     QCoreApplication app{argc, argv};
 
     auto &bus = ApplicationManager1DBus::instance();
@@ -36,24 +38,25 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     registerComplexDbusType();
     ApplicationManager1Service AMService{std::make_unique<CGroupsIdentifier>(), AMBus};
     QList<DesktopFile> fileList{};
-    auto desktopFileDirs = getXDGDataDirs();
+    const auto &desktopFileDirs = getDesktopFileDirs();
 
-    applyIteratively(QList<QDir>(desktopFileDirs.begin(), desktopFileDirs.end()), [&AMService](const QFileInfo &info) -> bool {
+    applyIteratively(QList<QDir>(desktopFileDirs.cbegin(), desktopFileDirs.cend()), [&AMService](const QFileInfo &info) -> bool {
         DesktopErrorCode err{DesktopErrorCode::NoError};
         auto ret = DesktopFile::searchDesktopFileByPath(info.absoluteFilePath(), err);
         if (!ret.has_value()) {
             qWarning() << "failed to search File:" << err;
             return false;
         }
-        AMService.addApplication(std::move(ret).value());
+        if (!AMService.addApplication(std::move(ret).value())) {
+            qWarning() << "add Application failed:" << ret->sourcePath() << "skip...";
+        }
         return false;  // means to apply this function to the rest of the files
     });
+#ifdef PROFILING_MODE
     auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
     qCInfo(DDEAMProf) << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << "ms";
-    return
-#ifdef PROFILING_MODE
-        QCoreApplication::exec();
+    return 0;
 #else
-        0;
+    return QCoreApplication::exec();
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/src/dbus/applicationservice.cpp b/src/dbus/applicationservice.cpp
index 66b9dc2..1ea2dfb 100644
--- a/src/dbus/applicationservice.cpp
+++ b/src/dbus/applicationservice.cpp
@@ -52,12 +52,19 @@ QSharedPointer<ApplicationService> ApplicationService::createApplicationService(
         objectPath = QString{DDEApplicationManager1ObjectPath} + "/" + QUuid::createUuid().toString(QUuid::Id128);
     }
 
+    DesktopFileGuard guard{app->desktopFileSource()};
+
+    if (!guard.try_open()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
     sourceStream.setDevice(app->desktopFileSource().sourceFile());
     std::unique_ptr<DesktopEntry> entry{std::make_unique<DesktopEntry>()};
     auto error = entry->parse(sourceStream);
 
     if (error != DesktopErrorCode::NoError) {
         if (error != DesktopErrorCode::EntryKeyInvalid) {
+            qWarning() << "parse failed:" << error;
             return nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -65,6 +72,7 @@ QSharedPointer<ApplicationService> ApplicationService::createApplicationService(
     if (auto val = entry->value(DesktopFileEntryKey, "Hidden"); val.has_value()) {
         bool ok{false};
         if (auto hidden = val.value().toBoolean(ok); ok and hidden) {
+            qWarning() << "invalid hidden value:" << *val.value().find(defaultKeyStr);
             return nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -333,6 +341,11 @@ QString ApplicationService::id() const noexcept
     return m_desktopSource.desktopId();
 }
 
+qulonglong ApplicationService::lastLaunchedTime() const noexcept
+{
+    return m_lastLaunch;
+}
+
 IconMap ApplicationService::icons() const
 {
     if (m_Icons) {
diff --git a/src/dbus/applicationservice.h b/src/dbus/applicationservice.h
index b6562de..f49352a 100644
--- a/src/dbus/applicationservice.h
+++ b/src/dbus/applicationservice.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <QSharedPointer>
 #include <QUuid>
 #include <QTextStream>
+#include <QDBusContext>
 #include <QFile>
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "desktopicons.h"
 #include "dbus/jobmanager1service.h"
 
-class ApplicationService : public QObject
+class ApplicationService : public QObject, public QDBusContext
 {
     Q_OBJECT
 public:
@@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ public:
     Q_PROPERTY(QString ID READ id CONSTANT)
     [[nodiscard]] QString id() const noexcept;
 
+    Q_PROPERTY(qulonglong LastLaunchedTime READ lastLaunchedTime)
+    [[nodiscard]] qulonglong lastLaunchedTime() const noexcept;
+
     Q_PROPERTY(IconMap Icons READ icons)
     [[nodiscard]] IconMap icons() const;
     IconMap &iconsRef();
@@ -83,6 +87,7 @@ private:
     static QSharedPointer<ApplicationService> createApplicationService(DesktopFile source,
                                                                        ApplicationManager1Service *parent) noexcept;
     bool m_AutoStart{false};
+    qlonglong m_lastLaunch{0};
     QDBusObjectPath m_applicationPath;
     QString m_launcher{getApplicationLauncherBinary()};
     DesktopFile m_desktopSource;
diff --git a/src/desktopentry.cpp b/src/desktopentry.cpp
index 8c9c4a2..9a41816 100644
--- a/src/desktopentry.cpp
+++ b/src/desktopentry.cpp
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <QVariant>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <cstdio>
 
 auto DesktopEntry::parserGroupHeader(const QString &str) noexcept
 {
@@ -108,9 +109,33 @@ std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::createTemporaryDesktopFile(std::unique_p
     return DesktopFile{std::move(temporaryFile), "", mtime};
 }
 
+std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::createTemporaryDesktopFile(const QString &temporaryFile) noexcept
+{
+    const static QString userTmp = QString{"/run/user/%1/"}.arg(getCurrentUID());
+    auto tempFile = std::make_unique<QFile>(QString{userTmp + QUuid::createUuid().toString(QUuid::Id128) + ".desktop"});
+
+    if (!tempFile->open(QFile::NewOnly | QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Text)) {
+        qWarning() << "failed to create temporary desktop file:" << QFileInfo{*tempFile}.absoluteFilePath()
+                   << tempFile->errorString();
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    auto content = temporaryFile.toLocal8Bit();
+    auto writeByte = tempFile->write(content);
+
+    if (writeByte == -1 || writeByte != content.length()) {
+        qWarning() << "write to temporary file failed:" << tempFile->errorString();
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    tempFile->close();
+
+    return createTemporaryDesktopFile(std::move(tempFile));
+}
+
 std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::searchDesktopFileByPath(const QString &desktopFile, DesktopErrorCode &err) noexcept
 {
-    constexpr decltype(auto) desktopSuffix = ".desktop";
+    decltype(auto) desktopSuffix = ".desktop";
 
     if (!desktopFile.endsWith(desktopSuffix)) {
         qWarning() << "file isn't a desktop file:" << desktopFile;
@@ -128,7 +153,7 @@ std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::searchDesktopFileByPath(const QString &d
     QString path{desktopFile};
     QString id;
 
-    const auto &XDGDataDirs = getXDGDataDirs();
+    const auto &XDGDataDirs = getDesktopFileDirs();
     auto idGen = std::any_of(XDGDataDirs.cbegin(), XDGDataDirs.cend(), [&desktopFile](const QString &suffixPath) {
         return desktopFile.startsWith(suffixPath);
     });
@@ -160,7 +185,7 @@ std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::searchDesktopFileByPath(const QString &d
 
 std::optional<DesktopFile> DesktopFile::searchDesktopFileById(const QString &appId, DesktopErrorCode &err) noexcept
 {
-    auto XDGDataDirs = getXDGDataDirs();
+    auto XDGDataDirs = getDesktopFileDirs();
     constexpr auto desktopSuffix = u8".desktop";
 
     for (const auto &dir : XDGDataDirs) {
diff --git a/src/desktopentry.h b/src/desktopentry.h
index b163498..b86f8e6 100644
--- a/src/desktopentry.h
+++ b/src/desktopentry.h
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ struct DesktopFile
 
     static std::optional<DesktopFile> searchDesktopFileById(const QString &appId, DesktopErrorCode &err) noexcept;
     static std::optional<DesktopFile> searchDesktopFileByPath(const QString &desktopFilePath, DesktopErrorCode &err) noexcept;
+    static std::optional<DesktopFile> createTemporaryDesktopFile(const QString &temporaryFile) noexcept;
     static std::optional<DesktopFile> createTemporaryDesktopFile(std::unique_ptr<QFile> temporaryFile) noexcept;
 
 private:
@@ -75,7 +76,20 @@ struct DesktopFileGuard
     {
     }
 
-    bool try_open() { return fileRef.m_fileSource->open(QFile::ExistingOnly | QFile::ReadOnly | QFile::Text); }
+    bool try_open()
+    {
+        if (fileRef.m_fileSource->isOpen()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        auto ret = fileRef.m_fileSource->open(QFile::ExistingOnly | QFile::ReadOnly | QFile::Text);
+        if (!ret) {
+            qWarning() << "open desktop file failed:" << fileRef.m_fileSource->errorString();
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+    }
+
     ~DesktopFileGuard()
     {
         if (fileRef.m_fileSource->isOpen()) {
@@ -100,6 +114,7 @@ public:
         using QMap<QString, QString>::cend;
         using QMap<QString, QString>::begin;
         using QMap<QString, QString>::end;
+        using QMap<QString, QString>::asKeyValueRange;
 
         QString toString(bool &ok) const noexcept;
         bool toBoolean(bool &ok) const noexcept;
diff --git a/src/global.h b/src/global.h
index 12f7bdd..f118f9a 100644
--- a/src/global.h
+++ b/src/global.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ template <typename T>
 using remove_cvr_t = std::remove_reference_t<std::remove_cv_t<T>>;
 
 template <typename T>
-void applyIteratively(QList<QDir> &&dirs, T &&func)
+void applyIteratively(QList<QDir> dirs, T &&func)
 {
     static_assert(std::is_invocable_v<T, const QFileInfo &>, "apply function should only accept one QFileInfo");
     static_assert(std::is_same_v<decltype(func(QFileInfo{})), bool>,
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ inline QString getRelativePathFromAppId(const QString &id)
     return path;
 }
 
-inline QStringList getXDGDataDirs()
+inline QStringList getDesktopFileDirs()
 {
     const static auto XDGDataDirs = []() {
         auto XDGDataDirs = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("XDG_DATA_DIRS")).split(':', Qt::SkipEmptyParts);
@@ -312,10 +312,10 @@ inline QStringList getXDGDataDirs()
 
         auto XDGDataHome = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("XDG_DATA_HOME"));
         if (XDGDataHome.isEmpty()) {
-            XDGDataHome = QString{qgetenv("HOME")} + QDir::separator() + ".local" + QDir::separator() + "share";
+            XDGDataHome = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("HOME")) + QDir::separator() + ".local" + QDir::separator() + "share";
         }
 
-        XDGDataDirs.push_front(XDGDataHome);
+        XDGDataDirs.push_front(std::move(XDGDataHome));
 
         std::for_each(XDGDataDirs.begin(), XDGDataDirs.end(), [](QString &str) {
             if (!str.endsWith(QDir::separator())) {
@@ -330,6 +330,34 @@ inline QStringList getXDGDataDirs()
     return XDGDataDirs;
 }
 
+inline QStringList getAutoStartDirs()
+{
+    const static auto XDGConfigDirs = []() {
+        auto XDGConfigDirs = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("XDG_CONFIG_DIRS")).split(':', Qt::SkipEmptyParts);
+        if (XDGConfigDirs.isEmpty()) {
+            XDGConfigDirs.append("/etc/xdg");
+        }
+
+        auto XDGConfigHome = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"));
+        if (XDGConfigHome.isEmpty()) {
+            XDGConfigHome = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("HOME")) + QDir::separator() + ".config";
+        }
+
+        XDGConfigDirs.push_front(std::move(XDGConfigHome));
+
+        std::for_each(XDGConfigDirs.begin(), XDGConfigDirs.end(), [](QString &str) {
+            if (!str.endsWith(QDir::separator())) {
+                str.append(QDir::separator());
+            }
+            str.append("autostart");
+        });
+
+        return XDGConfigDirs;
+    }();
+
+    return XDGConfigDirs;
+}
+
 inline QPair<QString, QString> processUnitName(const QString &unitName)
 {
     QString instanceId;
diff --git a/src/systemdsignaldispatcher.cpp b/src/systemdsignaldispatcher.cpp
index db77e67..4c806cc 100644
--- a/src/systemdsignaldispatcher.cpp
+++ b/src/systemdsignaldispatcher.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ bool SystemdSignalDispatcher::connectToSignals() noexcept
 
 void SystemdSignalDispatcher::onUnitNew(QString unitName, QDBusObjectPath systemdUnitPath)
 {
-    constexpr decltype(auto) appPrefix = u8"app-";
+    decltype(auto) appPrefix = u8"app-";
     if (!unitName.startsWith(appPrefix)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ void SystemdSignalDispatcher::onUnitNew(QString unitName, QDBusObjectPath system
 
 void SystemdSignalDispatcher::onUnitRemoved(QString unitName, QDBusObjectPath systemdUnitPath)
 {
-    constexpr decltype(auto) appPrefix = u8"app-";
+    decltype(auto) appPrefix = u8"app-";
     if (!unitName.startsWith(appPrefix)) {
         return;
     }