refactor: start to refactor project

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+# yaml-language-server: $schema=https://json.schemastore.org/clang-format.json
+---
+Language:        Cpp
+AccessModifierOffset: -4
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+AlignArrayOfStructures: None
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveBitFields:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveMacros:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveShortCaseStatements:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCaseArrows: false
+  AlignCaseColons: false
+AlignConsecutiveTableGenBreakingDAGArgColons:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveTableGenCondOperatorColons:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignConsecutiveTableGenDefinitionColons:
+  Enabled:         false
+  AcrossEmptyLines: false
+  AcrossComments:  false
+  AlignCompound:   false
+  AlignFunctionPointers: false
+  PadOperators:    false
+AlignEscapedNewlines: DontAlign
+AlignOperands:   Align
+AlignTrailingComments:
+  Kind:            Always
+  OverEmptyLines:  0
+AllowAllArgumentsOnNextLine: true
+AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: true
+AllowBreakBeforeNoexceptSpecifier: Never
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Never
+AllowShortCaseExpressionOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortCompoundRequirementOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortEnumsOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: AllIfsAndElse
+AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine: All
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
+AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
+AttributeMacros:
+  - __capability
+BinPackArguments: false
+BinPackParameters: false
+BitFieldColonSpacing: Both
+BraceWrapping:
+  AfterCaseLabel:  false
+  AfterClass:      false
+  AfterControlStatement: Never
+  AfterEnum:       false
+  AfterExternBlock: false
+  AfterFunction:   false
+  AfterNamespace:  false
+  AfterObjCDeclaration: false
+  AfterStruct:     false
+  AfterUnion:      false
+  BeforeCatch:     false
+  BeforeElse:      false
+  BeforeLambdaBody: false
+  BeforeWhile:     false
+  IndentBraces:    false
+  SplitEmptyFunction: false
+  SplitEmptyRecord: false
+  SplitEmptyNamespace: false
+BreakAdjacentStringLiterals: true
+BreakAfterAttributes: Leave
+BreakAfterJavaFieldAnnotations: false
+BreakAfterReturnType: None
+BreakArrays:     true
+BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: All
+BreakBeforeConceptDeclarations: Always
+BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
+BreakBeforeInlineASMColon: OnlyMultiline
+BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
+BreakConstructorInitializers: AfterColon
+BreakFunctionDefinitionParameters: false
+BreakInheritanceList: BeforeColon
+BreakStringLiterals: false
+BreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
+ColumnLimit:     100
+CommentPragmas:  '^ IWYU pragma:'
+CompactNamespaces: false
+ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
+ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
+DerivePointerAlignment: true
+DisableFormat:   false
+EmptyLineAfterAccessModifier: Never
+EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier: LogicalBlock
+ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
+FixNamespaceComments: true
+ForEachMacros:
+  - forever
+  - foreach
+  - Q_FOREACH
+  - BOOST_FOREACH
+IfMacros:
+  - KJ_IF_MAYBE
+IncludeBlocks:   Preserve
+IncludeCategories:
+  - Regex:           '^<Q.*'
+    Priority:        200
+    SortPriority:    200
+    CaseSensitive:   true
+IncludeIsMainRegex: '(Test)?$'
+IncludeIsMainSourceRegex: ''
+IndentAccessModifiers: false
+IndentCaseBlocks: false
+IndentCaseLabels: true
+IndentExternBlock: AfterExternBlock
+IndentGotoLabels: true
+IndentPPDirectives: None
+IndentRequiresClause: true
+IndentWidth:     4
+IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
+InsertBraces:    false
+InsertNewlineAtEOF: false
+InsertTrailingCommas: None
+IntegerLiteralSeparator:
+  Binary:          0
+  BinaryMinDigits: 0
+  Decimal:         0
+  DecimalMinDigits: 0
+  Hex:             0
+  HexMinDigits:    0
+JavaScriptQuotes: Leave
+JavaScriptWrapImports: true
+KeepEmptyLines:
+  AtEndOfFile:     false
+  AtStartOfBlock:  false
+  AtStartOfFile:   false
+LambdaBodyIndentation: Signature
+LineEnding:      DeriveLF
+MacroBlockBegin: ''
+MacroBlockEnd:   ''
+MainIncludeChar: Quote
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
+NamespaceIndentation: All
+ObjCBinPackProtocolList: Auto
+ObjCBlockIndentWidth: 4
+ObjCBreakBeforeNestedBlockParam: true
+ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
+ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true
+PackConstructorInitializers: BinPack
+PenaltyBreakAssignment: 150
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 300
+PenaltyBreakComment: 500
+PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 400
+PenaltyBreakOpenParenthesis: 0
+PenaltyBreakScopeResolution: 500
+PenaltyBreakString: 600
+PenaltyBreakTemplateDeclaration: 10
+PenaltyExcessCharacter: 50
+PenaltyIndentedWhitespace: 0
+PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 300
+PointerAlignment: Right
+PPIndentWidth:   -1
+QualifierAlignment: Leave
+ReferenceAlignment: Pointer
+ReflowComments:  false
+RemoveBracesLLVM: false
+RemoveParentheses: Leave
+RemoveSemicolon: false
+RequiresClausePosition: OwnLine
+RequiresExpressionIndentation: OuterScope
+SeparateDefinitionBlocks: Leave
+ShortNamespaceLines: 1
+SkipMacroDefinitionBody: false
+SortIncludes:    CaseSensitive
+SortJavaStaticImport: Before
+SortUsingDeclarations: Lexicographic
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: true
+SpaceAfterLogicalNot: false
+SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: false
+SpaceAroundPointerQualifiers: Default
+SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
+SpaceBeforeCaseColon: false
+SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList: false
+SpaceBeforeCtorInitializerColon: true
+SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon: true
+SpaceBeforeJsonColon: false
+SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
+SpaceBeforeParensOptions:
+  AfterControlStatements: true
+  AfterForeachMacros: true
+  AfterFunctionDefinitionName: false
+  AfterFunctionDeclarationName: false
+  AfterIfMacros:   true
+  AfterOverloadedOperator: false
+  AfterPlacementOperator: true
+  AfterRequiresInClause: false
+  AfterRequiresInExpression: false
+  BeforeNonEmptyParentheses: false
+SpaceBeforeRangeBasedForLoopColon: true
+SpaceBeforeSquareBrackets: false
+SpaceInEmptyBlock: false
+SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 1
+SpacesInAngles:  Never
+SpacesInContainerLiterals: false
+SpacesInLineCommentPrefix:
+  Minimum:         1
+  Maximum:         -1
+SpacesInParens:  Never
+SpacesInParensOptions:
+  ExceptDoubleParentheses: false
+  InCStyleCasts:   false
+  InConditionalStatements: false
+  InEmptyParentheses: false
+  Other:           false
+SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
+Standard:        Auto
+StatementAttributeLikeMacros:
+  - Q_EMIT
+  - emit
+StatementMacros:
+  - Q_UNUSED
+  - QT_REQUIRE_VERSION
+  - Q_CLASSINFO
+  - Q_ENUM
+  - Q_ENUM_NS
+  - Q_FLAG
+  - Q_FLAG_NS
+  - Q_GADGET
+  - Q_GADGET_EXPORT
+  - Q_INTERFACES
+  - Q_LOGGING_CATEGORY
+  - Q_MOC_INCLUDE
+  - Q_NAMESPACE
+  - Q_NAMESPACE_EXPORT
+  - Q_OBJECT
+  - Q_PROPERTY
+  - Q_REVISION
+  - Q_DISABLE_COPY
+  - Q_DISABLE_COPY_MOVE
+  - Q_SET_OBJECT_NAME
+  - QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+  - QT_END_NAMESPACE
+  - QML_ADDED_IN_MINOR_VERSION
+  - QML_ANONYMOUS
+  - QML_ATTACHED
+  - QML_DECLARE_TYPE
+  - QML_DECLARE_TYPEINFO
+  - QML_ELEMENT
+  - QML_EXTENDED
+  - QML_EXTENDED_NAMESPACE
+  - QML_EXTRA_VERSION
+  - QML_FOREIGN
+  - QML_FOREIGN_NAMESPACE
+  - QML_IMPLEMENTS_INTERFACES
+  - QML_INTERFACE
+  - QML_NAMED_ELEMENT
+  - QML_REMOVED_IN_MINOR_VERSION
+  - QML_SINGLETON
+  - QML_UNAVAILABLE
+  - QML_UNCREATABLE
+  - QML_VALUE_TYPE
+  - YYCC_DELETE_COPY
+  - YYCC_DELETE_MOVE
+  - YYCC_DELETE_COPY_MOVE
+  - YYCC_DEFAULT_COPY
+  - YYCC_DEFAULT_MOVE
+  - YYCC_DEFAULT_COPY_MOVE
+TableGenBreakInsideDAGArg: DontBreak
+TabWidth:        4
+UseTab:          Never
+VerilogBreakBetweenInstancePorts: true
+WhitespaceSensitiveMacros:
+  - BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE
+  - CF_SWIFT_NAME
+  - NS_SWIFT_NAME
+  - PP_STRINGIZE
+  - STRINGIZE
+...
+

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[*.{cpp,hpp}]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.23)
 project(YYCC
-    VERSION 1.3.0
+    VERSION 2.0.0
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
 
@@ -20,6 +20,14 @@ set(YYCC_INSTALL_BIN_PATH ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} CACHE PATH
 set(YYCC_INSTALL_DOC_PATH ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR} CACHE PATH
 "Non-arch doc install path relative to CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX unless set to an absolute path.")
 
+# Include dependency.
+# GTest is required if we build testbench
+if (YYCC_BUILD_TESTBENCH)
+    # For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+    set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+    find_package(GTest REQUIRED)
+endif ()
+
 # Import 3 build targets
 add_subdirectory(src)
 if (YYCC_BUILD_TESTBENCH)

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Configure version file
 configure_file(
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../cmake/YYCCVersion.hpp.in
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/YYCC/YYCCVersion.hpp
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/yycc/version.hpp.in
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/yycc/version.hpp
     @ONLY
 )
 
@@ -11,48 +11,68 @@ add_library(YYCCommonplace STATIC "")
 target_sources(YYCCommonplace
 PRIVATE
     # Sources
-    YYCC/COMHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/ArgParser.cpp
-    YYCC/ConfigManager.cpp
-    YYCC/ConsoleHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/DialogHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/EncodingHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/ExceptionHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/StdPatch.cpp
-    YYCC/IOHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/StringHelper.cpp
-    YYCC/WinFctHelper.cpp
-    # Natvis (only for MSVC)
-    $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:YYCC.natvis>
+    yycc/string/reinterpret.cpp
+    yycc/string/op.cpp
+    # YYCC/COMHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/ArgParser.cpp
+    # YYCC/ConfigManager.cpp
+    # YYCC/ConsoleHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/DialogHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/EncodingHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/ExceptionHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/StdPatch.cpp
+    # YYCC/IOHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/StringHelper.cpp
+    # YYCC/WinFctHelper.cpp
+    # # Natvis (only for MSVC)
+    # $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:YYCC.natvis>
 )
 target_sources(YYCCommonplace 
 PUBLIC
 FILE_SET HEADERS
 FILES
     # Headers
-    # Common headers
-    YYCC/Constraints.hpp
-    YYCC/COMHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/ArgParser.hpp
-    YYCC/ConfigManager.hpp
-    YYCC/ConsoleHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/DialogHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/EncodingHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/EnumHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/ExceptionHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/StdPatch.hpp
-    YYCC/IOHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/ParserHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/StringHelper.hpp
-    YYCC/WinFctHelper.hpp
-    # Windows including guard pair
-    YYCC/WinImportPrefix.hpp
-    YYCC/WinImportSuffix.hpp
-    # Internal
-    YYCC/YYCCVersion.hpp
-    YYCC/YYCCInternal.hpp
-    # Exposed
-    YYCCommonplace.hpp
+    yycc.hpp
+    yycc/version.hpp
+    yycc/prelude/core.hpp
+    yycc/prelude/rust.hpp
+    yycc/macro/version_cmp.hpp
+    yycc/macro/os_detector.hpp
+    yycc/macro/class_copy_move.hpp
+    yycc/string.hpp
+    yycc/string/reinterpret.hpp
+    yycc/string/op.hpp
+    yycc/rust/primitive.hpp
+    yycc/windows/unsafe_suppressor.hpp
+    yycc/windows/import_guard_head.hpp
+    yycc/windows/import_guard_tail.hpp
+    yycc/constraint.hpp
+    yycc/constraint/builder.hpp
+
+    # # Headers
+    # # Common headers
+    # YYCC/Constraints.hpp
+    # YYCC/COMHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/ArgParser.hpp
+    # YYCC/ConfigManager.hpp
+    # YYCC/ConsoleHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/DialogHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/EncodingHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/EnumHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/ExceptionHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/StdPatch.hpp
+    # YYCC/IOHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/ParserHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/StringHelper.hpp
+    # YYCC/WinFctHelper.hpp
+    # # Windows including guard pair
+    # YYCC/WinImportPrefix.hpp
+    # YYCC/WinImportSuffix.hpp
+    # # Internal
+    # YYCC/YYCCVersion.hpp
+    # YYCC/YYCCInternal.hpp
+    # # Exposed
+    # YYCCommonplace.hpp
 )
 # Setup header infomations
 target_include_directories(YYCCommonplace

src/yycc.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Library Version and Comparison Macros
+#include "yycc/version.hpp"
+#include "yycc/macro/version_cmp.hpp"
+
+// Operating System Identifier Macros
+#include "yycc/macro/os_detector.hpp"
+
+// Windows Shitty Behavior Disable Macros
+#include "yycc/windows/unsafe_suppressor.hpp"
+
+// Batch Class Move / Copy Function Macros
+#include "yycc/macro/class_copy_move.hpp"
+
+namespace yycc {}

src/yycc/constraint.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "macro/class_copy_move.hpp"
+#include <functional>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+/// @brief The namespace containing generic constraint concept used varied in other modules.
+namespace yycc::constraint {
+
+    /// @brief Function prototype used in Constraint for checking whether given value is valid.
+    /// @details Analyze given value, and return true if value is legal, otherwise false.
+    template<typename T>
+    using FnCheck = std::function<bool(const T&)>;
+    /// @brief Function prototype used in Constraint for clamping given value into a valid value.
+    /// @details Analyze given value, return clamped value.
+    template<typename T>
+    using FnClamp = std::function<T(const T&)>;
+
+    /**
+	 * @brief The constraint applied to settings to limit its stored value.
+	 * @tparam T The data type this constraint need to be processed with.
+     * @details
+     * Constraint class contains various features:
+     * \li Check: Check whether given value is in range.
+     * \li Clamp: Clamp given value into valid value.
+     * Every instances of Constraint can have some, or none of these features.
+     * So it is essential to check whether instance has corresponding features before using it.
+	*/
+    template<typename T>
+    class Constraint {
+    public:
+        Constraint(FnCheck<T>&& fn_check, FnClamp<T>&& fn_clamp) :
+            fn_check(std::move(fn_check)), fn_clamp(std::move(fn_clamp)) {}
+        YYCC_DELETE_COPY(Constraint)
+        YYCC_DEFAULT_MOVE(Constraint)
+
+        /**
+         * @brief Perform Check feature.
+         * @param[in] value The valid for checking.
+         * @return True if valid is okey, otherwise false.
+         * @exception std::logic_error Raised if this feature is not supported.
+         */
+        bool check(const T& value) const {
+            if (!support_check()) {
+                throw std::logic_error("this Constraint do not support check operation");
+            } else {
+                return fn_check(value);
+            }
+        }
+        /**
+         * @brief Perform Clamp feature.
+         * @param[in] value The valid for clamping.
+         * @return The result after clamping.
+         * @exception std::logic_error Raised if this feature is not supported.
+         */
+        T clamp(const T& value) const {
+            if (!support_clamp()) {
+                throw std::logic_error("this Constraint do not support clamp operation");
+            } else {
+                return fn_clamp(value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// @brief Check whether this Constraint support Check feature.
+        /// @return True if it support, otherwise false.
+        bool support_check() const noexcept { return this->fn_check != nullptr; }
+        /// @brief Check whether this Constraint support Clamp feature.
+        /// @return True if it support, otherwise false.
+        bool support_clamp() const noexcept { return this->fn_clamp != nullptr; }
+
+    private:
+        /// @brief Pointer to Check feature function.
+        FnCheck<T> fn_check;
+        /// @brief Pointer to Clamp feature function.
+        FnClamp<T> fn_clamp;
+    };
+
+} // namespace yycc::core::constraint

src/yycc/constraint/builder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "../constraint.hpp"
+#include "../string.hpp"
+#include <set>
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+
+/// @brief The namespace containing convenient function building common used Constraint instance.
+namespace yycc::constraint::builder {
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Build Constraint for arithmetic values by minimum and maximum value range.
+     * @tparam T An arithmetic or enum type (except bool) of underlying stored value.
+     * @param[in] min_value The minimum value of range (inclusive).
+     * @param[in] max_value The maximum value of range (inclusive).
+     * @return The generated constraint instance which can be directly applied.
+    */
+    template<typename T,
+             std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>, int> = 0>
+    Constraint<T> min_max_constraint(T min_value, T max_value) {
+        if (min_value > max_value)
+            throw std::invalid_argument("the max value must be equal or greater than min value");
+
+        auto fn_check = [min_value, max_value](const T& val) -> bool {
+            return (val <= max_value) && (val >= min_value);
+        };
+        auto fn_clamp = [min_value, max_value](const T& val) -> T {
+            return std::clamp(val, min_value, max_value);
+        };
+        return Constraint<T>(std::move(fn_check), std::move(fn_clamp));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get constraint for enum values by enumerating all possible values.
+     * @tparam T An enum type (except bool) of underlying stored value.
+     * @param[in] il An initializer list storing all possible values.
+     * @return The generated constraint instance which can be directly applied.
+    */
+    template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T>, int> = 0>
+    Constraint<T> enum_constraint(const std::initializer_list<T>& il) {
+        std::set<T> data(il);
+
+        auto fn_check = [data](const T& val) -> bool { return data.find(val) != data.end(); };
+        return Constraint<T>(std::move(fn_check), nullptr);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get constraint for string values by enumerating all possible values.
+     * @param[in] il An initializer list storing all possible values.
+     * @return The generated constraint instance which can be directly applied.
+     * @remarks
+     * Caller must make sure that the string view passed in initializer list is valid until this Constraint life time gone.
+     * Becasue this generator will not copy your given string view into string.
+    */
+    inline Constraint<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string> GetStringEnumerationConstraint(
+        const std::initializer_list<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view>& il) {
+        std::set<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view> data(il);
+
+        auto fn_check = [data](const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& val) -> bool {
+            return data.find(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view(val)) != data.end();
+        };
+        return Constraint<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string>(std::move(fn_check), nullptr);
+    }
+
+} // namespace yycc::constraint::builder
+
+#undef NS_YYCC_STRING

src/yycc/macro/class_copy_move.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/// @brief Explicitly remove copy (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DELETE_COPY(CLSNAME) \
+    CLSNAME(const CLSNAME&) = delete; \
+    CLSNAME& operator=(const CLSNAME&) = delete;
+
+/// @brief Explicitly remove move (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DELETE_MOVE(CLSNAME) \
+    CLSNAME(CLSNAME&&) = delete; \
+    CLSNAME& operator=(CLSNAME&&) = delete;
+
+/// @brief Explicitly remove (copy and move) (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DELETE_COPY_MOVE(CLSNAME) \
+    YYCC_DELETE_COPY(CLSNAME) \
+    YYCC_DELETE_MOVE(CLSNAME)
+
+/// @brief Explicitly set default copy (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DEFAULT_COPY(CLSNAME) \
+    CLSNAME(const CLSNAME&) = default; \
+    CLSNAME& operator=(const CLSNAME&) = default;
+
+/// @brief Explicitly set default move (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DEFAULT_MOVE(CLSNAME) \
+    CLSNAME(CLSNAME&&) = default; \
+    CLSNAME& operator=(CLSNAME&&) = default;
+
+/// @brief Explicitly set default (copy and move) (\c constructor and \c operator\=) for given class.
+#define YYCC_DEFAULT_COPY_MOVE(CLSNAME) \
+    YYCC_DEFAULT_COPY(CLSNAME) \
+    YYCC_DEFAULT_MOVE(CLSNAME)

src/yycc/macro/os_detector.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Define operating system macros
+#define YYCC_OS_WINDOWS 2
+#define YYCC_OS_LINUX 3
+// Check current operating system.
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#define YYCC_OS YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+#else
+#define YYCC_OS YYCC_OS_LINUX
+#endif

src/yycc/macro/version_cmp.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is equal to right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_E(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) ((av1) == (bv1) && (av2) == (bv2) && (av3) == (bv3))
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is not equal to right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_NE(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) (!YYCC_VERCMP_E(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3))
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is greater than right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_G(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) ( \
+    ((av1) > (bv1)) || \
+    ((av1) == (bv1) && (av2) > (bv2)) || \
+    ((av1) == (bv1) && (av2) == (bv2) && (av3) > (bv3)) \
+)
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is greater than or equal to right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_GE(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) (YYCC_VERCMP_G(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) || YYCC_VERCMP_E(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3))
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is not lower than right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_NL(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) YYCC_VERCMP_GE(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3)
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is lower than right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_L(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) ( \
+    ((av1) < (bv1)) || \
+    ((av1) == (bv1) && (av2) < (bv2)) || \
+    ((av1) == (bv1) && (av2) == (bv2) && (av3) < (bv3)) \
+)
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is lower than or equal to right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_LE(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) (YYCC_VERCMP_L(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) || YYCC_VERCMP_E(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3))
+/// @brief Return true if left version number is not greater than right version number, otherwise false.
+#define YYCC_VERCMP_NG(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3) YYCC_VERCMP_LE(av1, av2, av3, bv1, bv2, bv3)

src/yycc/prelude/core.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Prelude section
+#include "../string.hpp"
+namespace yycc::prelude {
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+
+    using u8char = NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char;
+    using u8string = NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string;
+    using u8string_view = NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view;
+
+#undef NS_YYCC_STRING
+
+} // namespace yycc::prelude
+
+// Expose all members
+using namespace yycc::prelude;

src/yycc/prelude/rust.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Include YYCC prelude first
+#include "core.hpp"
+
+// Rust prelude section
+#include "../rust/primitive.hpp"
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace yycc::prelude::rust {
+    // Include primitive types
+
+#define NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE ::yycc::rust::primitive
+
+    using i8 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::i8;
+    using i16 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::i16;
+    using i32 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::i32;
+    using i64 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::i64;
+    using u8 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::u8;
+    using u16 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::u16;
+    using u32 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::u32;
+    using u64 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::u64;
+
+    using isize = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::isize;
+    using usize = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::usize;
+
+    using f32 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::f32;
+    using f64 = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::f64;
+
+    using str = NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE::str;
+
+#undef NS_RUST_PRIMITIVE
+
+    // Other types
+    using String = ::yycc::string::u8string;
+    template<typename T>
+    using Vec = std::vector<T>;
+} // namespace yycc::prelude::rust
+
+// Expose all members
+using namespace yycc::prelude::rust;

src/yycc/rust/primitive.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include "../string.hpp"
+
+namespace yycc::rust::primitive {
+
+	// `bool` is keyword so should not declare it anymore.
+	// `char` is keyword so should not declare it anymore.
+
+	using i8 = std::int8_t;
+	using i16 = std::int16_t;
+	using i32 = std::int32_t;
+	using i64 = std::int64_t;
+	using u8 = std::uint8_t;
+	using u16 = std::uint16_t;
+	using u32 = std::uint32_t;
+	using u64 = std::uint64_t;
+
+	using isize = std::ptrdiff_t;
+	using usize = std::size_t;
+
+	using f32 = float;
+	using f64 = double;
+
+	using str = ::yycc::string::u8string_view;
+}
+

src/yycc/string.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Define the UTF8 char type we used.
+// And do a polyfill if no embedded char8_t type.
+
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace yycc::string {
+    /**
+		\typedef u8char_t
+		\brief YYCC UTF8 char type.
+		\details
+		This char type is an alias to \c char8_t if your current C++ standard support it.
+		Otherwise it is defined as <TT>unsigned char</TT> as C++ 20 stdandard does.
+	*/
+    /**
+		\typedef u8string
+		\brief YYCC UTF8 string container type.
+		\details
+		This type is defined as \c std::basic_string<yycc_char8_t>.
+		It is equal to \c std::u8string if your current C++ standard support it.
+	*/
+    /**
+		\typedef u8string_view
+		\brief YYCC UTF8 string view type.
+		\details
+		This type is defined as \c std::basic_string_view<yycc_char8_t>.
+		It is equal to \c std::u8string_view if your current C++ standard support it.
+	*/
+
+#if defined(__cpp_char8_t)
+    using u8char = char8_t;
+    using u8string = std::u8string;
+    using u8string_view = std::u8string_view;
+#else
+    using u8char = unsigned char;
+    using u8string = std::basic_string<u8char>;
+    using u8string_view = std::basic_string_view<u8char>;
+#endif
+} // namespace yycc::string

src/yycc/string/op.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+#include "op.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include "reinterpret.hpp"
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING_REINTERPRET ::yycc::string::reinterpret
+
+namespace yycc::string::op {
+
+#pragma region Printf VPrintf
+
+	bool printf(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, ...) {
+		va_list argptr;
+		va_start(argptr, format);
+		bool ret = vprintf(strl, format, argptr);
+		va_end(argptr);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	bool vprintf(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, va_list argptr) {
+		va_list args1;
+		va_copy(args1, argptr);
+		va_list args2;
+		va_copy(args2, argptr);
+
+		// the return value is desired char count without NULL terminal.
+		// minus number means error
+		int count = std::vsnprintf(
+			nullptr,
+			0,
+			NS_YYCC_STRING_REINTERPRET::as_ordinary(format),
+			args1
+		);
+		if (count < 0) {
+			// invalid length returned by vsnprintf.
+			return false;
+		}
+		va_end(args1);
+
+		// resize std::string to desired count.
+		// and pass its length + 1 to std::vsnprintf,
+		// because std::vsnprintf only can write "buf_size - 1" chars with a trailing NULL.
+		// however std::vsnprintf already have a trailing NULL, so we plus 1 for it.
+		strl.resize(count);
+		int write_result = std::vsnprintf(
+			NS_YYCC_STRING_REINTERPRET::as_ordinary(strl.data()),
+			strl.size() + 1,
+			NS_YYCC_STRING_REINTERPRET::as_ordinary(format),
+			args2
+		);
+		va_end(args2);
+
+		if (write_result < 0 || write_result > count) {
+			// invalid write result in vsnprintf.
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string printf(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, ...) {
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string ret;
+
+		va_list argptr;
+		va_start(argptr, format);
+		vprintf(ret, format, argptr);
+		va_end(argptr);
+
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string vprintf(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, va_list argptr) {
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string ret;
+
+		va_list argcpy;
+		va_copy(argcpy, argptr);
+		vprintf(ret, format, argcpy);
+		va_end(argcpy);
+
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region Replace
+
+	void replace(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _from_strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _to_strl) {
+		// Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3418231/replace-part-of-a-string-with-another-string
+
+		// check requirements
+		// from string should not be empty
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string from_strl(_from_strl);
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string to_strl(_to_strl);
+		if (from_strl.empty()) return;
+
+		// start replace one by one
+		size_t start_pos = 0;
+		while ((start_pos = strl.find(from_strl, start_pos)) != NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string::npos) {
+			strl.replace(start_pos, from_strl.size(), to_strl);
+			start_pos += to_strl.size(); // In case 'to' contains 'from', like replacing 'x' with 'yx'
+		}
+	}
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string replace(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _from_strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _to_strl) {
+		// prepare result
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string strl(_strl);
+		replace(strl, _from_strl, _to_strl);
+		// return value
+		return strl;
+	}
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region Join
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string join(JoinDataProvider fct_data, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& decilmer) {
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string ret;
+		bool is_first = true;
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view element;
+
+		// fetch element
+		while (fct_data(element)) {
+			// insert decilmer
+			if (is_first) is_first = false;
+			else {
+				// append decilmer.
+				ret.append(decilmer);
+			}
+
+			// insert element if it is not empty
+			if (!element.empty())
+				ret.append(element);
+		}
+
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region Upper Lower
+
+	template<bool BIsToLower>
+	static void generic_lower_upper(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl) {
+		// References:
+		// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/transform
+		// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/byte/tolower
+		std::transform(
+			strl.cbegin(), strl.cend(), strl.begin(),
+			[](unsigned char c) -> char {
+				if constexpr (BIsToLower) return std::tolower(c);
+				else return std::toupper(c);
+			}
+		);
+	}
+
+	void lower(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl) {
+		generic_lower_upper<true>(strl);
+	}
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string lower(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl) {
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string ret(strl);
+		lower(ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	void upper(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl) {
+		generic_lower_upper<false>(strl);
+	}
+
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string upper(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl) {
+		// same as Lower, just replace char transform function.
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string ret(strl);
+		upper(ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region Split
+
+	std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string> split(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _decilmer) {
+		// call split view
+		auto view_result = split_view(strl, _decilmer);
+
+		// copy string view result to string
+		std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string> elems;
+		elems.reserve(view_result.size());
+		for (const auto& strl_view : view_result) {
+			elems.emplace_back(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string(strl_view));
+		}
+		// return copied result
+		return elems;
+	}
+
+	std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view> split_view(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _decilmer) {
+		// Reference: 
+		// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14265581/parse-split-a-string-in-c-using-string-delimiter-standard-c
+
+		// prepare return value
+		std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view> elems;
+
+		// if string need to be splitted is empty, return original string (empty string).
+		// if decilmer is empty, return original string.
+		NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string decilmer(_decilmer);
+		if (strl.empty() || decilmer.empty()) {
+			elems.emplace_back(strl);
+			return elems;
+		}
+
+		// start spliting
+		std::size_t previous = 0, current;
+		while ((current = strl.find(decilmer.c_str(), previous)) != NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string::npos) {
+			elems.emplace_back(strl.substr(previous, current - previous));
+			previous = current + decilmer.size();
+		}
+		// try insert last part but prevent possible out of range exception
+		if (previous <= strl.size()) {
+			elems.emplace_back(strl.substr(previous));
+		}
+		return elems;
+	}
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+}

src/yycc/string/op.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <functional>
+#include <vector>
+#include "../string.hpp"
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+
+namespace yycc::string::op {
+
+	/**
+	 * @brief Perform a string formatting operation.
+	 * @param[out] strl 
+	 * The string container receiving the result.
+	 * There is no guarantee that the content is not modified when function failed.
+	 * @param[in] format The format string.
+	 * @param[in] ... Argument list of format string.
+	 * @return True if success, otherwise false.
+	*/
+	bool printf(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, ...);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Perform a string formatting operation.
+	 * @param[out] strl 
+	 * The string container receiving the result.
+	 * There is no guarantee that the content is not modified when function failed.
+	 * @param[in] format The format string.
+	 * @param[in] argptr Argument list of format string.
+	 * @return True if success, otherwise false.
+	*/
+	bool vprintf(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, va_list argptr);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Perform a string formatting operation.
+	 * @param[in] format The format string.
+	 * @param[in] ... Argument list of format string.
+	 * @return The formatting result. Empty string if error happened.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string printf(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, ...);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Perform a string formatting operation.
+	 * @param[in] format The format string.
+	 * @param[in] argptr Argument list of format string.
+	 * @return The formatting result. Empty string if error happened.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string vprintf(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* format, va_list argptr);
+
+	/**
+	 * @brief Modify given string with all occurrences of substring \e old replaced by \e new.
+	 * @param[in,out] strl The string for replacing
+	 * @param[in] _from_strl The \e old string.
+	 * @param[in] _to_strl The \e new string.
+	*/
+	void replace(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _from_strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _to_strl);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Return a copy with all occurrences of substring \e old replaced by \e new.
+	 * @param[in] _strl The string for replacing
+	 * @param[in] _from_strl The \e old string.
+	 * @param[in] _to_strl The \e new string.
+	 * @return The result of replacement.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string replace(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _from_strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _to_strl);
+
+	/**
+	 * @brief The data provider of general join function.
+	 * @details
+	 * For programmer using lambda to implement this function pointer:
+	 * \li During calling, implementation should assign the reference of string view passed in argument
+	 * to the string which need to be joined.
+	 * \li Function return true to continue joining. otherwise return false to stop joining. 
+	 * The argument content assigned in the calling returning false is not included in join process.
+	*/
+	using JoinDataProvider = std::function<bool(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view&)>;
+	/**
+	 * @brief Universal join function.
+	 * @details
+	 * This function use function pointer as a general data provider interface,
+	 * so this function suit for all types container.
+	 * You can use this universal join function for any custom container by
+	 * using C++ lambda syntax to create a code block adapted to this function pointer.
+	 * @param[in] fct_data The function pointer in JoinDataProvider type prividing the data to be joined.
+	 * @param[in] decilmer The decilmer used for joining.
+	 * @return The result string of joining.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string join(JoinDataProvider fct_data, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& decilmer);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Specialized join function for standard library container.
+	 * @tparam InputIt 
+	 * Must meet the requirements of LegacyInputIterator.
+	 * It also can be dereferenced and then implicitly converted to NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view.
+	 * @param[in] first The beginning of the range of elements to join.
+	 * @param[in] last The terminal of the range of elements to join (exclusive).
+	 * @param[in] decilmer The decilmer used for joining.
+	 * @return The result string of joining.
+	*/
+	template<class InputIt>
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string join(InputIt first, InputIt last, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& decilmer) {
+		return join([&first, &last](NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& view) -> bool {
+			// if we reach tail, return false to stop join process
+			if (first == last) return false;
+			// otherwise fetch data, inc iterator and return.
+			view = *first;
+			++first;
+			return true;
+		}, decilmer);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @brief Convert given string to lowercase.
+	 * @param[in,out] strl The string to be lowercase.
+	*/
+	void lower(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase.
+	 * @param[in] strl The string to be lowercase.
+	 * @return The copy of the string converted to lowercase.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string lower(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Convert given string to uppercase.
+	 * @param[in,out] strl The string to be uppercase.
+	*/
+	void upper(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string& strl);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase.
+	 * @param[in] strl The string to be uppercase.
+	 * @return The copy of the string converted to uppercase.
+	*/
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string upper(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl);
+
+	/**
+	 * @brief Split given string with specified decilmer.
+	 * @param[in] strl The string need to be splitting.
+	 * @param[in] _decilmer The decilmer for splitting.
+	 * @return 
+	 * The split result.
+	 * \par
+	 * If given string or decilmer are empty,
+	 * the result container will only contain 1 entry which is equal to given string.
+	*/
+	std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string> split(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _decilmer);
+	/**
+	 * @brief Split given string with specified decilmer as string view.
+	 * @param[in] strl The string need to be splitting.
+	 * @param[in] _decilmer The decilmer for splitting.
+	 * @return 
+	 * The split result with string view format.
+	 * This will not produce any copy of original string.
+	 * \par
+	 * If given string or decilmer are empty,
+	 * the result container will only contain 1 entry which is equal to given string.
+	 * @see Split(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view&, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char*)
+	*/
+	std::vector<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view> split_view(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& strl, const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& _decilmer);
+
+}
+
+#undef NS_YYCC_STRING

src/yycc/string/reinterpret.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#include "reinterpret.hpp"
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+
+namespace yycc::string::reinterpret {
+
+	const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* as_utf8(const char* src) {
+		return reinterpret_cast<const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char*>(src);
+	}
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* as_utf8(char* src) {
+		return reinterpret_cast<NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char*>(src);
+	}
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string as_utf8(const std::string_view& src) {
+		return NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string(reinterpret_cast<const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char*>(src.data()), src.size());
+	}
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view as_utf8_view(const std::string_view& src) {
+		return NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view(reinterpret_cast<const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char*>(src.data()), src.size());
+	}
+
+	const char* as_ordinary(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* src) {
+		return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(src);
+	}
+	char* as_ordinary(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* src) {
+		return reinterpret_cast<char*>(src);
+	}
+	std::string as_ordinary(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& src) {
+		return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(src.data()), src.size());
+	}
+	std::string_view as_ordinary_view(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& src) {
+		return std::string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(src.data()), src.size());
+	}
+
+}

src/yycc/string/reinterpret.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "../string.hpp"
+
+#define NS_YYCC_STRING ::yycc::string
+
+namespace yycc::string::reinterpret {
+
+#define _YYCC_U8(strl) u8 ## strl ///< The assistant macro for YYCC_U8.
+#define YYCC_U8(strl) (reinterpret_cast<const ::yycc::string::u8char*>(_YYCC_U8(strl))) ///< The macro for creating UTF8 string literal. See \ref library_encoding.
+#define YYCC_U8_CHAR(chr) (static_cast<::yycc::string::u8char>(chr)) ///< The macro for casting ordinary char type into YYCC UTF8 char type.
+
+	const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* as_utf8(const char* src);
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* as_utf8(char* src);
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string as_utf8(const std::string_view& src);
+	NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view as_utf8_view(const std::string_view& src);
+
+	const char* as_ordinary(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* src);
+	char* as_ordinary(NS_YYCC_STRING::u8char* src);
+	std::string as_ordinary(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& src);
+	std::string_view as_ordinary_view(const NS_YYCC_STRING::u8string_view& src);
+
+}
+
+#undef NS_YYCC_STRING

src/yycc/version.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#define YYCC_VER_MAJOR 2
+#define YYCC_VER_MINOR 0
+#define YYCC_VER_PATCH 0

src/yycc/windows/import_guard_head.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// It is by design that no pragma once or #if to prevent deplicated including.
+// Because this header is the part of wrapper, not a real header.
+// #pragma once
+
+#include "../macro/os_detector.hpp"
+
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+// Define 2 macros to disallow Windows generate MIN and MAX macros
+// which cause std::min and std::max can not function as normal.
+#if !defined(WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN)
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(NOMINMAX)
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif
+
+#endif

src/yycc/windows/import_guard_tail.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// It is by design that no pragma once or #if to prevent deplicated including.
+// Because this header is the part of wrapper, not a real header.
+// #pragma once
+
+#include "../macro/os_detector.hpp"
+
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+// Windows also will generate following macros
+// which may cause the function sign is different in Windows and other platforms.
+// So we simply remove them.
+// Because #undef will not throw error if there are no matched macro,
+// so we simply #undef them directly.
+#undef GetObject
+#undef GetClassName
+#undef LoadImage
+#undef GetTempPath
+#undef GetModuleFileName
+#undef CopyFile
+#undef MoveFile
+#undef DeleteFile
+
+#endif

src/yycc/windows/unsafe_suppressor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "../macro/os_detector.hpp"
+
+// If we are in Windows,
+// we need add 2 macros to disable Windows shitty warnings and errors of
+// depracted functions and not secure functions.
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif
+#if !defined(_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE)
+#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+#endif
+
+#endif

testbench/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -4,15 +4,22 @@ add_executable(YYCCTestbench "")
 target_sources(YYCCTestbench
 PRIVATE
     main.cpp
+    yycc/constraint.cpp
+    yycc/constraint/builder.cpp
+    yycc/string.cpp
+    yycc/string/op.cpp
+    yycc/string/reinterpret.cpp
 )
-# Add YYCC as its library
+# Setup headers
 target_include_directories(YYCCTestbench
-PRIVATE
-    YYCCommonplace
+PUBLIC
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}"
 )
+# Setup libraries
 target_link_libraries(YYCCTestbench
 PRIVATE
     YYCCommonplace
+    GTest::gtest_main
 )
 # Setup C++ standard
 target_compile_features(YYCCTestbench PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
@@ -29,8 +36,6 @@ PRIVATE
     $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/utf-8>
 )
 
-# Install testbench only on Release mode
-install(TARGETS YYCCTestbench
-    CONFIGURATIONS Release RelWithDebInfo MinSizeRel
-    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${YYCC_INSTALL_BIN_PATH}
-)
+# Discover all test
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(YYCCTestbench)

testbench/main.cpp

@@ -1,735 +1,6 @@
-#include <YYCCommonplace.hpp>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <set>
-#include <map>
-
-namespace Console = YYCC::ConsoleHelper;
-
-namespace YYCCTestbench {
-
-#pragma region Unicode Test Data
-
-	// UNICODE Test Strings
-	// Ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/478201/how-to-test-an-application-for-correct-encoding-e-g-utf-8
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN "\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u5225\u30B5\u30A4\u30C8"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA "\u7B80\u4F53\u4E2D\u6587"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA "\uD06C\uB85C\uC2A4 \uD50C\uB7AB\uD3FC\uC73C\uB85C"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL "\u05DE\u05D3\u05D5\u05E8\u05D9\u05DD \u05DE\u05D1\u05D5\u05E7\u05E9\u05D9\u05DD"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT "\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0648\u062B"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE "\u03A3\u1F72 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03C9 \u1F00\u03C0\u1F78"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA "\u0414\u0435\u0441\u044F\u0442\u0443\u044E \u041C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND "\u0E41\u0E1C\u0E48\u0E19\u0E14\u0E34\u0E19\u0E2E\u0E31\u0E48\u0E19\u0E40\u0E2A\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E21\u0E42\u0E17\u0E23\u0E21\u0E41\u0E2A\u0E19\u0E2A\u0E31\u0E07\u0E40\u0E27\u0E0A"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE "fran\u00E7ais langue \u00E9trang\u00E8re"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN "ma\u00F1ana ol\u00E9"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS "\u222E E\u22C5da = Q,  n \u2192 \u221E, \u2211 f(i) = \u220F g(i)"
-#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI "\U0001F363 \u2716 \U0001F37A" // sushi x beer mug
-
-#define CONCAT(prefix, strl) prefix ## strl
-#define CPP_U8_LITERAL(strl) YYCC_U8(strl)
-#define CPP_U16_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(u, strl)
-#define CPP_U32_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(U, strl)
-#define CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(L, strl)
-
-	static std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> c_UTF8TestStrTable {
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
-		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
-	};
-	static std::vector<std::wstring> c_WStrTestStrTable {
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
-		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
-	};
-	static std::vector<std::u16string> c_UTF16TestStrTable {
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
-		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
-	};
-	static std::vector<std::u32string> c_UTF32TestStrTable {
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
-		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
-	};
-
-#undef CPP_WSTR_LITERAL
-#undef CPP_U32_LITERAL
-#undef CPP_U16_LITERAL
-#undef CPP_U8_LITERAL
-#undef CONCAT
-
-#pragma endregion
-
-	static void Assert(bool condition, const YYCC::yycc_char8_t* description) {
-		if (condition) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN("OK: %s")), description);
-		} else {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_RED("Failed: %s\n")), description);
-			std::abort();
-		}
-	}
-
-	static void ConsoleTestbench() {
-		// Color Test
-		Console::EnableColorfulConsole();
-		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Color Test:"));
-
-#define TEST_MACRO(col) Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("\t" YYCC_COLOR_ ## col ("\u2588\u2588") YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_ ## col("\u2588\u2588") " " #col " / LIGHT " #col ));
-		// U+2588 is full block
-
-		TEST_MACRO(BLACK);
-		TEST_MACRO(RED);
-		TEST_MACRO(GREEN);
-		TEST_MACRO(YELLOW);
-		TEST_MACRO(BLUE);
-		TEST_MACRO(MAGENTA);
-		TEST_MACRO(CYAN);
-		TEST_MACRO(WHITE);
-
-#undef TEST_MACRO
-
-		// UTF8 Output Test
-		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("UTF8 Output Test:"));
-		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), strl.c_str());
-		}
-
-		// UTF8 Input Test
-		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("UTF8 Input Test:"));
-		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tPlease type: %s"), strl.c_str());
-			Console::Write(YYCC_U8("\t> "));
-
-			YYCC::yycc_u8string gotten(Console::ReadLine());
-			if (gotten == strl) Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN("\tMatched! Got: %s")), gotten.c_str());
-			else Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_RED("\tNOT Matched! Got: %s")), gotten.c_str());
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	static void EncodingTestbench() {
-		// get test tuple size
-		size_t count = c_UTF8TestStrTable.size();
-
-		// check the convertion between given string
-		for (size_t i = 0u; i < count; ++i) {
-			// get item
-			const auto& u8str = c_UTF8TestStrTable[i];
-			const auto& u16str = c_UTF16TestStrTable[i];
-			const auto& u32str = c_UTF32TestStrTable[i];
-
-			// create cache variables
-			YYCC::yycc_u8string u8cache;
-			std::u16string u16cache;
-			std::u32string u32cache;
-
-			// do convertion check
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF16(u8str, u16cache) && u16cache == u16str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF16"));
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF32(u8str, u32cache) && u32cache == u32str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF32"));
-
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF16ToUTF8(u16str, u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF16ToUTF8"));
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF32ToUTF8(u32str, u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF32ToUTF8"));
-		}
-
-		// check wstring convertion on windows
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-		for (size_t i = 0u; i < count; ++i) {
-			// get item
-			const auto& u8str = c_UTF8TestStrTable[i];
-			const auto& wstr = c_WStrTestStrTable[i];
-
-			// create cache variables
-			YYCC::yycc_u8string u8cache;
-			std::wstring wcache;
-
-			// do convertion check
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar(u8str.c_str(), wcache) && wcache == wstr, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar"));
-			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8(wstr.c_str(), u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8"));
-		}
-#endif
-
-	}
-
-	static void StringTestbench() {
-		// Test Printf
-		auto test_printf = YYCC::StringHelper::Printf(YYCC_U8("%s == %s"), YYCC_U8("Hello World"), YYCC_U8("Hello, world"));
-		Assert(test_printf == YYCC_U8("Hello World == Hello, world"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Printf"));
-
-		// Test Replace
-		auto test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("bb"), YYCC_U8("dd")); // normal case
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aaddcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("zz"), YYCC_U8("yy")); // no replace
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8("zz")); // empty finding
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aaaabbaa"), YYCC_U8("aa"), YYCC_U8("")); // no replaced string
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("bb"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aaxcc"), YYCC_U8("x"), YYCC_U8("yx")); // nested replacing
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aayxcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("xy")); // empty source string
-		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
-
-		// Test Upper / Lower
-		auto test_lower = YYCC::StringHelper::Lower(YYCC_U8("LOWER"));
-		Assert(test_lower == YYCC_U8("lower"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Lower"));
-		auto test_upper = YYCC::StringHelper::Upper(YYCC_U8("upper"));
-		Assert(test_upper == YYCC_U8("UPPER"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Upper"));
-
-		// Test Join
-		std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> test_join_container {
-			YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("1"), YYCC_U8("2"), YYCC_U8("")
-		};
-		auto test_join = YYCC::StringHelper::Join(test_join_container.begin(), test_join_container.end(), YYCC_U8(", "));
-		Assert(test_join == YYCC_U8(", 1, 2, "), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Join"));
-
-		// Test Split
-		auto test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8(", 1, 2, "), YYCC_U8(", ")); // normal
-		Assert(test_split.size() == 4u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[1] == YYCC_U8("1"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[2] == YYCC_U8("2"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[3] == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("-")); // no matched decilmer
-		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC::yycc_u8string_view()); // empty decilmer
-		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8("")); // empty source string
-		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-		Assert(test_split[0].empty(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
-
-	}
-
-	static void ParserTestbench() {
-
-		// Test success TryParse
-#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, value, string_value, ...) { \
-	YYCC::yycc_u8string cache_string(YYCC_U8(string_value)); \
-	type_t cache; \
-	Assert(YYCC::ParserHelper::TryParse<type_t>(cache_string, cache, ##__VA_ARGS__) && cache == value, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::TryParse<" #type_t ">")); \
-}
-		
-		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, INT8_C(-61), "-61");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, UINT8_C(200), "200");
-		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, INT16_C(6161), "6161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, UINT16_C(32800), "32800");
-		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, INT32_C(61616161), "61616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(4294967293), "4294967293");
-		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, INT64_C(616161616161), "616161616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, UINT64_C(9223372036854775807), "9223372036854775807");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(0xffff), "ffff", 16);
-		TEST_MACRO(float, 1.0f, "1.0");
-		TEST_MACRO(double, 1.0, "1.0");
-		TEST_MACRO(bool, true, "true");
-
-#undef TEST_MACRO
-
-		// Test failed TryParse
-#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, string_value, ...) { \
-	YYCC::yycc_u8string cache_string(YYCC_U8(string_value)); \
-	type_t cache; \
-	Assert(!YYCC::ParserHelper::TryParse<type_t>(cache_string, cache, ##__VA_ARGS__), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::TryParse<" #type_t ">")); \
-}
-
-		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, "6161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, "32800");
-		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, "61616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, "4294967293");
-		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, "616161616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, "9223372036854775807");
-		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, "616161616161616161616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, "92233720368547758079223372036854775807");
-		TEST_MACRO(float, "1e40");
-		TEST_MACRO(double, "1e114514");
-		TEST_MACRO(bool, "hello, world!");
-
-#undef TEST_MACRO
-
-		// Test ToString
-#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, value, string_value, ...) { \
-	type_t cache = value; \
-	YYCC::yycc_u8string ret(YYCC::ParserHelper::ToString<type_t>(cache, ##__VA_ARGS__)); \
-	Assert(ret == YYCC_U8(string_value), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::ToString<" #type_t ">")); \
-}
-
-		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, INT8_C(-61), "-61");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, UINT8_C(200), "200");
-		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, INT16_C(6161), "6161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, UINT16_C(32800), "32800");
-		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, INT32_C(61616161), "61616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(4294967293), "4294967293");
-		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, INT64_C(616161616161), "616161616161");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, UINT64_C(9223372036854775807), "9223372036854775807");
-		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(0xffff), "ffff", 16);
-		TEST_MACRO(float, 1.0f, "1.0", std::chars_format::fixed, 1);
-		TEST_MACRO(double, 1.0, "1.0", std::chars_format::fixed, 1);
-		TEST_MACRO(bool, true, "true");
-
-#undef TEST_MACRO
-
-	}
-
-	static void DialogTestbench() {
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string ret;
-		std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> rets;
-
-		YYCC::DialogHelper::FileDialog params;
-		auto& filters = params.ConfigreFileTypes();
-		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft Word (*.docx; *.doc)"), { YYCC_U8("*.docx"), YYCC_U8("*.doc") });
-		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft Excel (*.xlsx; *.xls)"), { YYCC_U8("*.xlsx"), YYCC_U8("*.xls") });
-		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft PowerPoint (*.pptx; *.ppt)"), { YYCC_U8("*.pptx"), YYCC_U8("*.ppt") });
-		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Text File (*.txt)"), { YYCC_U8("*.txt") });
-		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("All Files (*.*)"), { YYCC_U8("*.*") });
-		params.SetDefaultFileTypeIndex(0u);
-		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenFileDialog(params, ret)) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Open File: %s"), ret.c_str());
-		}
-		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenMultipleFileDialog(params, rets)) {
-			Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Open Multiple Files:"));
-			for (const auto& item : rets) {
-				Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), item.c_str());
-			}
-		}
-		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::SaveFileDialog(params, ret)) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Save File: %s"), ret.c_str());
-		}
-		params.Clear();
-		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenFolderDialog(params, ret)) {
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Open Folder: %s"), ret.c_str());
-		}
-
-#endif
-	}
-
-	static void ExceptionTestbench() {
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-
-		YYCC::ExceptionHelper::Register([](const YYCC::yycc_u8string& log_path, const YYCC::yycc_u8string& coredump_path) -> void {
-			MessageBoxW(
-				NULL,
-				YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar(
-				YYCC::StringHelper::Printf(YYCC_U8("Log generated:\nLog path: %s\nCore dump path: %s"), log_path.c_str(), coredump_path.c_str())
-			).c_str(),
-				L"Fatal Error", MB_OK + MB_ICONERROR
-			);
-			}
-		);
-
-		// Perform a div zero exception.
-#if defined (YYCC_DEBUG_UE_FILTER)
-		// Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20981982/is-it-possible-to-debug-unhandledexceptionfilters-with-a-debugger
-		__try {
-			// all of code normally inside of main or WinMain here...
-			int i = 1, j = 0;
-			int k = i / j;
-		} __except (YYCC::ExceptionHelper::DebugCallUExceptionImpl(GetExceptionInformation())) {
-			OutputDebugStringW(L"executed filter function\n");
-		}
-#else
-		int i = 1, j = 0;
-		int k = i / j;
-#endif
-
-		YYCC::ExceptionHelper::Unregister();
-
-#endif
-	}
-
-	static void WinFctTestbench() {
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-
-		HMODULE test_current_module;
-		Assert((test_current_module = YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule()) != nullptr, YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule"));
-		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Current Module HANDLE: 0x%" PRI_XPTR_LEFT_PADDING PRIXPTR), test_current_module);
-
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_temp;
-		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetTempDirectory(test_temp), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetTempDirectory"));
-		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Temp Directory: %s"), test_temp.c_str());
-
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_module_name;
-		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetModuleFileName(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule(), test_module_name), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetModuleFileName"));
-		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Current Module File Name: %s"), test_module_name.c_str());
-
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_localappdata_path;
-		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetLocalAppData(test_localappdata_path), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetLocalAppData"));
-		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Local AppData: %s"), test_localappdata_path.c_str());
-
-		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage(static_cast<UINT>(1252)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage(static_cast<UINT>(114514)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage"));
-
-		// MARK: There is no testbench for MoveFile, CopyFile DeleteFile.
-		// Because they can operate file system files.
-		// And may cause test environment entering unstable status.
-
-#endif
-	}
-
-	static void StdPatchTestbench() {
-
-		// Std Path
-
-		std::filesystem::path test_path;
-		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
-			test_path /= YYCC::StdPatch::ToStdPath(strl);
-		}
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_slashed_path(YYCC::StdPatch::ToUTF8Path(test_path));
-
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-		std::wstring wdecilmer(1u, std::filesystem::path::preferred_separator);
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string decilmer(YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8(wdecilmer));
-#else
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string decilmer(1u, std::filesystem::path::preferred_separator);
-#endif
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_joined_path(YYCC::StringHelper::Join(c_UTF8TestStrTable.begin(), c_UTF8TestStrTable.end(), decilmer));
-
-		Assert(test_slashed_path == test_joined_path, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::ToStdPath, YYCC::StdPatch::ToUTF8Path"));
-
-		// StartsWith, EndsWith
-		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_starts_ends_with(YYCC_U8("aaabbbccc"));
-		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("aaa")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("ccc")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("aaa")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith"));
-		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("ccc")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith"));
-
-		// Contains
-		std::set<int> test_set { 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 };
-		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_set, static_cast<int>(1)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_set, static_cast<int>(5)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
-		std::map<int, float> test_map { { 1, 1.0f }, { 4, 4.0f } };
-		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_map, static_cast<int>(1)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_map, static_cast<int>(5)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
-
-	}
-
-	enum class TestFlagEnum : uint8_t {
-		Test1 = 0b00000000,
-		Test2 = 0b00000001,
-		Test3 = 0b00000010,
-		Test4 = 0b00000100,
-		Test5 = 0b00001000,
-		Test6 = 0b00010000,
-		Test7 = 0b00100000,
-		Test8 = 0b01000000,
-		Test9 = 0b10000000,
-		Inverted = 0b01111111,
-		Merged = Test3 + Test5,
-	};
-
-	static void EnumHelperTestbench() {
-		TestFlagEnum val;
-
-		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5) == TestFlagEnum::Merged, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge"));
-
-		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Invert(TestFlagEnum::Test9) == TestFlagEnum::Inverted, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Invert"));
-
-		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
-		YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask(val, TestFlagEnum::Test3);
-		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask"));
-		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
-		YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask(val, TestFlagEnum::Test4);
-		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask"));
-		
-		val = TestFlagEnum::Test3;
-		YYCC::EnumHelper::Add(val, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
-		Assert(val == TestFlagEnum::Merged, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Add"));
-		
-		val = TestFlagEnum::Merged;
-		YYCC::EnumHelper::Remove(val, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
-		Assert(val == TestFlagEnum::Test3, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Remove"));
-		
-		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
-		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(val, TestFlagEnum::Test3), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Has"));
-		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(val, TestFlagEnum::Test4), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Has"));
-		
-		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(TestFlagEnum::Test1), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool"));
-		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(TestFlagEnum::Test2), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool"));
-
-	}
-
-	static void VersionMacroTestbench() {
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_E(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_E"));
-		Assert(!YYCC_VERCMP_NE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NE"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_G(1, 2, 3, 0, 2, 5), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_G"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_GE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_GE"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_NL(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NL"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_L(0, 2, 5, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_L"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_LE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_LE"));
-		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_NG(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NG"));
-	}
-
-	enum class TestEnum : int8_t {
-		Test1, Test2, Test3
-	};
-
-	class TestConfigManager {
-	public:
-		TestConfigManager() :
-			m_IntSetting(YYCC_U8("int-setting"), INT32_C(0)),
-			m_FloatSetting(YYCC_U8("float-setting"), 0.0f),
-			m_StringSetting(YYCC_U8("string-setting"), YYCC_U8("")),
-			m_BoolSetting(YYCC_U8("bool-setting"), false),
-			m_ClampedFloatSetting(YYCC_U8("clamped-float-setting"), 0.0f, YYCC::Constraints::GetMinMaxRangeConstraint<float>(-1.0f, 1.0f)),
-			m_EnumSetting(YYCC_U8("enum-setting"), TestEnum::Test1),
-			m_CoreManager(YYCC_U8("test.cfg"), UINT64_C(0), {
-				&m_IntSetting, &m_FloatSetting, &m_StringSetting, &m_BoolSetting, &m_ClampedFloatSetting, &m_EnumSetting
-			}) {}
-		~TestConfigManager() {}
-
-		void PrintSettings() {
-			Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Config Manager Settings:"));
-
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tint-setting: %" PRIi32), m_IntSetting.Get());
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tfloat-setting: %f"), m_FloatSetting.Get());
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tstring-setting: %s"), m_StringSetting.Get().c_str());
-
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tbool-setting: %s"), m_BoolSetting.Get() ? YYCC_U8("true") : YYCC_U8("false"));
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tfloat-setting: %f"), m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get());
-			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tenum-setting: %" PRIi8), static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<TestEnum>>(m_EnumSetting.Get()));
-		}
-
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<int32_t> m_IntSetting;
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<float> m_FloatSetting;
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::StringSetting m_StringSetting;
-
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<bool> m_BoolSetting;
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<float> m_ClampedFloatSetting;
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<TestEnum> m_EnumSetting;
-
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager m_CoreManager;
-	};
-
-	static void ConfigManagerTestbench() {
-		// init cfg manager
-		TestConfigManager test;
-
-		// test constraint works
-		Assert(!test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Set(2.0f), YYCC_U8("YYCC::Constraints::Constraint"));
-		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::Constraints::Constraint"));
-
-		// test modify settings
-#define TEST_MACRO(member_name, set_val) { \
-	Assert(test.member_name.Set(set_val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::AbstractSetting::Set")); \
-	Assert(test.member_name.Get() == set_val, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::AbstractSetting::Set")); \
-}
-
-		TEST_MACRO(m_IntSetting, INT32_C(114));
-		TEST_MACRO(m_FloatSetting, 2.0f);
-		TEST_MACRO(m_StringSetting, YYCC_U8("fuck"));
-		TEST_MACRO(m_BoolSetting, true);
-		TEST_MACRO(m_ClampedFloatSetting, 0.5f);
-		TEST_MACRO(m_EnumSetting, TestEnum::Test2);
-
-#undef TEST_MACRO
-
-		// test save
-		test.PrintSettings();
-		Assert(test.m_CoreManager.Save(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Save"));
-
-		// test reset
-		test.m_CoreManager.Reset();
-		test.PrintSettings();
-		Assert(test.m_IntSetting.Get() == INT32_C(0), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-		Assert(test.m_FloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-		Assert(test.m_StringSetting.Get() == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-		Assert(test.m_BoolSetting.Get() == false, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-		Assert(test.m_EnumSetting.Get() == TestEnum::Test1, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
-
-		// test load
-		YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult wrong_result = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(
-			YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult::ItemError,
-			YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult::BrokenFile
-		);
-		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(test.m_CoreManager.Load(), wrong_result), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		test.PrintSettings();
-		Assert(test.m_IntSetting.Get() == INT32_C(114), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		Assert(test.m_FloatSetting.Get() == 2.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		Assert(test.m_StringSetting.Get() == YYCC_U8("fuck"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		Assert(test.m_BoolSetting.Get() == true, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.5f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-		Assert(test.m_EnumSetting.Get() == TestEnum::Test2, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
-
-	}
-
-	class TestArgParser {
-	public:
-		TestArgParser() :
-			m_IntArgument(YYCC_U8("int"), YYCC_U8_CHAR('i'), YYCC_U8("integral argument"), YYCC_U8("114514")),
-			m_FloatArgument(nullptr, YYCC_U8_CHAR('f'), nullptr, nullptr, true),
-			m_StringArgument(YYCC_U8("string"), YYCC::ArgParser::AbstractArgument::NO_SHORT_NAME, nullptr, nullptr, true),
-			m_BoolArgument(nullptr, YYCC_U8_CHAR('b'), nullptr),
-			m_ClampedFloatArgument(YYCC_U8("clamped-float"), YYCC::ArgParser::AbstractArgument::NO_SHORT_NAME, nullptr, nullptr, true, YYCC::Constraints::GetMinMaxRangeConstraint<float>(-1.0f, 1.0f)),
-			m_OptionContext(YYCC_U8("TestArgParser"), YYCC_U8("This is the testbench of argument parser."), {
-				&m_IntArgument, &m_FloatArgument, &m_StringArgument,
-				&m_BoolArgument, &m_ClampedFloatArgument
-			}) {}
-		~TestArgParser() {}
-
-		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<int32_t> m_IntArgument;
-		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<float> m_FloatArgument;
-		YYCC::ArgParser::StringArgument m_StringArgument;
-
-		YYCC::ArgParser::SwitchArgument m_BoolArgument;
-		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<float> m_ClampedFloatArgument;
-
-		YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext m_OptionContext;
-	};
-
-	static void ArgParserTestbench(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-		// test command line getter
-		{
-			YYCC::ConsoleHelper::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd"));
-			auto result = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd(argc, argv);
-			for (result.Reset(); !result.IsEOF(); result.Next()) {
-				YYCC::ConsoleHelper::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), result.Argument().c_str());
-			}
-		}
-#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
-		{
-			YYCC::ConsoleHelper::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromWin32"));
-			auto result = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromWin32();
-			for (result.Reset(); !result.IsEOF(); result.Next()) {
-				YYCC::ConsoleHelper::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), result.Argument().c_str());
-			}
-		}
-#endif
-
-		// test option context
-		// init option context
-		TestArgParser test;
-
-#define PREPARE_DATA(...) const char* test_argv[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
-auto al = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd(sizeof(test_argv) / sizeof(char*), const_cast<char**>(test_argv));
-
-		// normal test
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514");
-			Assert(test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_IntArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_IntArgument.Get() == UINT32_C(114514), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(!test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(!test.m_FloatArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(!test.m_StringArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(!test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(!test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// no argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// error argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-?", "114514");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// lost argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// dplicated assign
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514" "--int", "114514");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// extra useless argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514" "1919810");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// invalid clamp argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514", "--clamped-float", "114.0");
-			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-		// full argument
-		{
-			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514", "-f", "2.0", "--string", "fuck", "-b", "--clamped-float", "0.5");
-			Assert(test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_IntArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_IntArgument.Get() == UINT32_C(114514), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_FloatArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_FloatArgument.Get() == 2.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_StringArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_StringArgument.Get() == YYCC_U8("fuck"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.Get() == 0.5f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
-			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
-		}
-
-		// Help text
-		test.m_OptionContext.Help();
-
-#undef PREPARE_DATA
-
-	}
-
-}
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-
-#if YYCC_VERCMP_NE(YYCC_VER_MAJOR, YYCC_VER_MINOR, YYCC_VER_PATCH, 1, 3 ,0)
-#error "The YYCC library used when compiling is not match code expected, this may cause build error."
-#error "If you trust it, please annotate these preprocessor statement, otherwise please contact developer."
-#endif
-
-	// common testbench
-	// normal
-	YYCCTestbench::EncodingTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::StringTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::ParserTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::WinFctTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::StdPatchTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::EnumHelperTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::VersionMacroTestbench();
-	// advanced
-	YYCCTestbench::ConfigManagerTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::ArgParserTestbench(argc, argv);
-
-	// testbench which may terminal app or ordering input
-	YYCCTestbench::ConsoleTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::DialogTestbench();
-	YYCCTestbench::ExceptionTestbench();
+    testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }

testbench/main_legacy.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,735 @@
+#include <YYCCommonplace.hpp>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <set>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace Console = YYCC::ConsoleHelper;
+
+namespace YYCCTestbench {
+
+#pragma region Unicode Test Data
+
+	// UNICODE Test Strings
+	// Ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/478201/how-to-test-an-application-for-correct-encoding-e-g-utf-8
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN "\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u5225\u30B5\u30A4\u30C8"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA "\u7B80\u4F53\u4E2D\u6587"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA "\uD06C\uB85C\uC2A4 \uD50C\uB7AB\uD3FC\uC73C\uB85C"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL "\u05DE\u05D3\u05D5\u05E8\u05D9\u05DD \u05DE\u05D1\u05D5\u05E7\u05E9\u05D9\u05DD"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT "\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0648\u062B"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE "\u03A3\u1F72 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03C9 \u1F00\u03C0\u1F78"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA "\u0414\u0435\u0441\u044F\u0442\u0443\u044E \u041C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND "\u0E41\u0E1C\u0E48\u0E19\u0E14\u0E34\u0E19\u0E2E\u0E31\u0E48\u0E19\u0E40\u0E2A\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E21\u0E42\u0E17\u0E23\u0E21\u0E41\u0E2A\u0E19\u0E2A\u0E31\u0E07\u0E40\u0E27\u0E0A"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE "fran\u00E7ais langue \u00E9trang\u00E8re"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN "ma\u00F1ana ol\u00E9"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS "\u222E E\u22C5da = Q,  n \u2192 \u221E, \u2211 f(i) = \u220F g(i)"
+#define TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI "\U0001F363 \u2716 \U0001F37A" // sushi x beer mug
+
+#define CONCAT(prefix, strl) prefix ## strl
+#define CPP_U8_LITERAL(strl) YYCC_U8(strl)
+#define CPP_U16_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(u, strl)
+#define CPP_U32_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(U, strl)
+#define CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(strl) CONCAT(L, strl)
+
+	static std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> c_UTF8TestStrTable {
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
+		CPP_U8_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
+	};
+	static std::vector<std::wstring> c_WStrTestStrTable {
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
+		CPP_WSTR_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
+	};
+	static std::vector<std::u16string> c_UTF16TestStrTable {
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
+		CPP_U16_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
+	};
+	static std::vector<std::u32string> c_UTF32TestStrTable {
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_JAPAN),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_CHINA),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_KOREA),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_ISRAEL),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EGYPT),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_GREECE),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_RUSSIA),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_THAILAND),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_FRANCE),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_SPAIN),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_MATHMATICS),
+		CPP_U32_LITERAL(TEST_UNICODE_STR_EMOJI),
+	};
+
+#undef CPP_WSTR_LITERAL
+#undef CPP_U32_LITERAL
+#undef CPP_U16_LITERAL
+#undef CPP_U8_LITERAL
+#undef CONCAT
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+	static void Assert(bool condition, const YYCC::yycc_char8_t* description) {
+		if (condition) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN("OK: %s")), description);
+		} else {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_RED("Failed: %s\n")), description);
+			std::abort();
+		}
+	}
+
+	static void ConsoleTestbench() {
+		// Color Test
+		Console::EnableColorfulConsole();
+		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Color Test:"));
+
+#define TEST_MACRO(col) Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("\t" YYCC_COLOR_ ## col ("\u2588\u2588") YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_ ## col("\u2588\u2588") " " #col " / LIGHT " #col ));
+		// U+2588 is full block
+
+		TEST_MACRO(BLACK);
+		TEST_MACRO(RED);
+		TEST_MACRO(GREEN);
+		TEST_MACRO(YELLOW);
+		TEST_MACRO(BLUE);
+		TEST_MACRO(MAGENTA);
+		TEST_MACRO(CYAN);
+		TEST_MACRO(WHITE);
+
+#undef TEST_MACRO
+
+		// UTF8 Output Test
+		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("UTF8 Output Test:"));
+		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), strl.c_str());
+		}
+
+		// UTF8 Input Test
+		Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("UTF8 Input Test:"));
+		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tPlease type: %s"), strl.c_str());
+			Console::Write(YYCC_U8("\t> "));
+
+			YYCC::yycc_u8string gotten(Console::ReadLine());
+			if (gotten == strl) Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN("\tMatched! Got: %s")), gotten.c_str());
+			else Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8(YYCC_COLOR_LIGHT_RED("\tNOT Matched! Got: %s")), gotten.c_str());
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	static void EncodingTestbench() {
+		// get test tuple size
+		size_t count = c_UTF8TestStrTable.size();
+
+		// check the convertion between given string
+		for (size_t i = 0u; i < count; ++i) {
+			// get item
+			const auto& u8str = c_UTF8TestStrTable[i];
+			const auto& u16str = c_UTF16TestStrTable[i];
+			const auto& u32str = c_UTF32TestStrTable[i];
+
+			// create cache variables
+			YYCC::yycc_u8string u8cache;
+			std::u16string u16cache;
+			std::u32string u32cache;
+
+			// do convertion check
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF16(u8str, u16cache) && u16cache == u16str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF16"));
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF32(u8str, u32cache) && u32cache == u32str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToUTF32"));
+
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF16ToUTF8(u16str, u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF16ToUTF8"));
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF32ToUTF8(u32str, u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF32ToUTF8"));
+		}
+
+		// check wstring convertion on windows
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+		for (size_t i = 0u; i < count; ++i) {
+			// get item
+			const auto& u8str = c_UTF8TestStrTable[i];
+			const auto& wstr = c_WStrTestStrTable[i];
+
+			// create cache variables
+			YYCC::yycc_u8string u8cache;
+			std::wstring wcache;
+
+			// do convertion check
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar(u8str.c_str(), wcache) && wcache == wstr, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar"));
+			Assert(YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8(wstr.c_str(), u8cache) && u8cache == u8str, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8"));
+		}
+#endif
+
+	}
+
+	static void StringTestbench() {
+		// Test Printf
+		auto test_printf = YYCC::StringHelper::Printf(YYCC_U8("%s == %s"), YYCC_U8("Hello World"), YYCC_U8("Hello, world"));
+		Assert(test_printf == YYCC_U8("Hello World == Hello, world"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Printf"));
+
+		// Test Replace
+		auto test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("bb"), YYCC_U8("dd")); // normal case
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aaddcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("zz"), YYCC_U8("yy")); // no replace
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8("zz")); // empty finding
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aabbcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aaaabbaa"), YYCC_U8("aa"), YYCC_U8("")); // no replaced string
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("bb"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC_U8("aaxcc"), YYCC_U8("x"), YYCC_U8("yx")); // nested replacing
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8("aayxcc"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+		test_replace = YYCC::StringHelper::Replace(YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("xy")); // empty source string
+		Assert(test_replace == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Replace"));
+
+		// Test Upper / Lower
+		auto test_lower = YYCC::StringHelper::Lower(YYCC_U8("LOWER"));
+		Assert(test_lower == YYCC_U8("lower"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Lower"));
+		auto test_upper = YYCC::StringHelper::Upper(YYCC_U8("upper"));
+		Assert(test_upper == YYCC_U8("UPPER"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Upper"));
+
+		// Test Join
+		std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> test_join_container {
+			YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("1"), YYCC_U8("2"), YYCC_U8("")
+		};
+		auto test_join = YYCC::StringHelper::Join(test_join_container.begin(), test_join_container.end(), YYCC_U8(", "));
+		Assert(test_join == YYCC_U8(", 1, 2, "), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Join"));
+
+		// Test Split
+		auto test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8(", 1, 2, "), YYCC_U8(", ")); // normal
+		Assert(test_split.size() == 4u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[1] == YYCC_U8("1"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[2] == YYCC_U8("2"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[3] == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("-")); // no matched decilmer
+		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC::yycc_u8string_view()); // empty decilmer
+		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[0] == YYCC_U8("test"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		test_split = YYCC::StringHelper::Split(YYCC::yycc_u8string_view(), YYCC_U8("")); // empty source string
+		Assert(test_split.size() == 1u, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+		Assert(test_split[0].empty(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::Split"));
+
+	}
+
+	static void ParserTestbench() {
+
+		// Test success TryParse
+#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, value, string_value, ...) { \
+	YYCC::yycc_u8string cache_string(YYCC_U8(string_value)); \
+	type_t cache; \
+	Assert(YYCC::ParserHelper::TryParse<type_t>(cache_string, cache, ##__VA_ARGS__) && cache == value, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::TryParse<" #type_t ">")); \
+}
+		
+		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, INT8_C(-61), "-61");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, UINT8_C(200), "200");
+		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, INT16_C(6161), "6161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, UINT16_C(32800), "32800");
+		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, INT32_C(61616161), "61616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(4294967293), "4294967293");
+		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, INT64_C(616161616161), "616161616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, UINT64_C(9223372036854775807), "9223372036854775807");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(0xffff), "ffff", 16);
+		TEST_MACRO(float, 1.0f, "1.0");
+		TEST_MACRO(double, 1.0, "1.0");
+		TEST_MACRO(bool, true, "true");
+
+#undef TEST_MACRO
+
+		// Test failed TryParse
+#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, string_value, ...) { \
+	YYCC::yycc_u8string cache_string(YYCC_U8(string_value)); \
+	type_t cache; \
+	Assert(!YYCC::ParserHelper::TryParse<type_t>(cache_string, cache, ##__VA_ARGS__), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::TryParse<" #type_t ">")); \
+}
+
+		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, "6161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, "32800");
+		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, "61616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, "4294967293");
+		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, "616161616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, "9223372036854775807");
+		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, "616161616161616161616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, "92233720368547758079223372036854775807");
+		TEST_MACRO(float, "1e40");
+		TEST_MACRO(double, "1e114514");
+		TEST_MACRO(bool, "hello, world!");
+
+#undef TEST_MACRO
+
+		// Test ToString
+#define TEST_MACRO(type_t, value, string_value, ...) { \
+	type_t cache = value; \
+	YYCC::yycc_u8string ret(YYCC::ParserHelper::ToString<type_t>(cache, ##__VA_ARGS__)); \
+	Assert(ret == YYCC_U8(string_value), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StringHelper::ToString<" #type_t ">")); \
+}
+
+		TEST_MACRO(int8_t, INT8_C(-61), "-61");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint8_t, UINT8_C(200), "200");
+		TEST_MACRO(int16_t, INT16_C(6161), "6161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint16_t, UINT16_C(32800), "32800");
+		TEST_MACRO(int32_t, INT32_C(61616161), "61616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(4294967293), "4294967293");
+		TEST_MACRO(int64_t, INT64_C(616161616161), "616161616161");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint64_t, UINT64_C(9223372036854775807), "9223372036854775807");
+		TEST_MACRO(uint32_t, UINT32_C(0xffff), "ffff", 16);
+		TEST_MACRO(float, 1.0f, "1.0", std::chars_format::fixed, 1);
+		TEST_MACRO(double, 1.0, "1.0", std::chars_format::fixed, 1);
+		TEST_MACRO(bool, true, "true");
+
+#undef TEST_MACRO
+
+	}
+
+	static void DialogTestbench() {
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string ret;
+		std::vector<YYCC::yycc_u8string> rets;
+
+		YYCC::DialogHelper::FileDialog params;
+		auto& filters = params.ConfigreFileTypes();
+		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft Word (*.docx; *.doc)"), { YYCC_U8("*.docx"), YYCC_U8("*.doc") });
+		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft Excel (*.xlsx; *.xls)"), { YYCC_U8("*.xlsx"), YYCC_U8("*.xls") });
+		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Microsoft PowerPoint (*.pptx; *.ppt)"), { YYCC_U8("*.pptx"), YYCC_U8("*.ppt") });
+		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("Text File (*.txt)"), { YYCC_U8("*.txt") });
+		filters.Add(YYCC_U8("All Files (*.*)"), { YYCC_U8("*.*") });
+		params.SetDefaultFileTypeIndex(0u);
+		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenFileDialog(params, ret)) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Open File: %s"), ret.c_str());
+		}
+		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenMultipleFileDialog(params, rets)) {
+			Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Open Multiple Files:"));
+			for (const auto& item : rets) {
+				Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), item.c_str());
+			}
+		}
+		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::SaveFileDialog(params, ret)) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Save File: %s"), ret.c_str());
+		}
+		params.Clear();
+		if (YYCC::DialogHelper::OpenFolderDialog(params, ret)) {
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Open Folder: %s"), ret.c_str());
+		}
+
+#endif
+	}
+
+	static void ExceptionTestbench() {
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+		YYCC::ExceptionHelper::Register([](const YYCC::yycc_u8string& log_path, const YYCC::yycc_u8string& coredump_path) -> void {
+			MessageBoxW(
+				NULL,
+				YYCC::EncodingHelper::UTF8ToWchar(
+				YYCC::StringHelper::Printf(YYCC_U8("Log generated:\nLog path: %s\nCore dump path: %s"), log_path.c_str(), coredump_path.c_str())
+			).c_str(),
+				L"Fatal Error", MB_OK + MB_ICONERROR
+			);
+			}
+		);
+
+		// Perform a div zero exception.
+#if defined (YYCC_DEBUG_UE_FILTER)
+		// Reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20981982/is-it-possible-to-debug-unhandledexceptionfilters-with-a-debugger
+		__try {
+			// all of code normally inside of main or WinMain here...
+			int i = 1, j = 0;
+			int k = i / j;
+		} __except (YYCC::ExceptionHelper::DebugCallUExceptionImpl(GetExceptionInformation())) {
+			OutputDebugStringW(L"executed filter function\n");
+		}
+#else
+		int i = 1, j = 0;
+		int k = i / j;
+#endif
+
+		YYCC::ExceptionHelper::Unregister();
+
+#endif
+	}
+
+	static void WinFctTestbench() {
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+
+		HMODULE test_current_module;
+		Assert((test_current_module = YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule()) != nullptr, YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule"));
+		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Current Module HANDLE: 0x%" PRI_XPTR_LEFT_PADDING PRIXPTR), test_current_module);
+
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_temp;
+		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetTempDirectory(test_temp), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetTempDirectory"));
+		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Temp Directory: %s"), test_temp.c_str());
+
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_module_name;
+		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetModuleFileName(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetCurrentModule(), test_module_name), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetModuleFileName"));
+		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Current Module File Name: %s"), test_module_name.c_str());
+
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_localappdata_path;
+		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetLocalAppData(test_localappdata_path), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::GetLocalAppData"));
+		Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("Local AppData: %s"), test_localappdata_path.c_str());
+
+		Assert(YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage(static_cast<UINT>(1252)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage(static_cast<UINT>(114514)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::WinFctHelper::IsValidCodePage"));
+
+		// MARK: There is no testbench for MoveFile, CopyFile DeleteFile.
+		// Because they can operate file system files.
+		// And may cause test environment entering unstable status.
+
+#endif
+	}
+
+	static void StdPatchTestbench() {
+
+		// Std Path
+
+		std::filesystem::path test_path;
+		for (const auto& strl : c_UTF8TestStrTable) {
+			test_path /= YYCC::StdPatch::ToStdPath(strl);
+		}
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_slashed_path(YYCC::StdPatch::ToUTF8Path(test_path));
+
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+		std::wstring wdecilmer(1u, std::filesystem::path::preferred_separator);
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string decilmer(YYCC::EncodingHelper::WcharToUTF8(wdecilmer));
+#else
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string decilmer(1u, std::filesystem::path::preferred_separator);
+#endif
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_joined_path(YYCC::StringHelper::Join(c_UTF8TestStrTable.begin(), c_UTF8TestStrTable.end(), decilmer));
+
+		Assert(test_slashed_path == test_joined_path, YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::ToStdPath, YYCC::StdPatch::ToUTF8Path"));
+
+		// StartsWith, EndsWith
+		YYCC::yycc_u8string test_starts_ends_with(YYCC_U8("aaabbbccc"));
+		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("aaa")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("ccc")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::StartsWith"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("aaa")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith"));
+		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith(test_starts_ends_with, YYCC_U8("ccc")), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::EndsWith"));
+
+		// Contains
+		std::set<int> test_set { 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 };
+		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_set, static_cast<int>(1)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_set, static_cast<int>(5)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
+		std::map<int, float> test_map { { 1, 1.0f }, { 4, 4.0f } };
+		Assert(YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_map, static_cast<int>(1)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::StdPatch::Contains(test_map, static_cast<int>(5)), YYCC_U8("YYCC::StdPatch::Contains"));
+
+	}
+
+	enum class TestFlagEnum : uint8_t {
+		Test1 = 0b00000000,
+		Test2 = 0b00000001,
+		Test3 = 0b00000010,
+		Test4 = 0b00000100,
+		Test5 = 0b00001000,
+		Test6 = 0b00010000,
+		Test7 = 0b00100000,
+		Test8 = 0b01000000,
+		Test9 = 0b10000000,
+		Inverted = 0b01111111,
+		Merged = Test3 + Test5,
+	};
+
+	static void EnumHelperTestbench() {
+		TestFlagEnum val;
+
+		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5) == TestFlagEnum::Merged, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge"));
+
+		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Invert(TestFlagEnum::Test9) == TestFlagEnum::Inverted, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Invert"));
+
+		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
+		YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask(val, TestFlagEnum::Test3);
+		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask"));
+		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
+		YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask(val, TestFlagEnum::Test4);
+		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Mask"));
+		
+		val = TestFlagEnum::Test3;
+		YYCC::EnumHelper::Add(val, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
+		Assert(val == TestFlagEnum::Merged, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Add"));
+		
+		val = TestFlagEnum::Merged;
+		YYCC::EnumHelper::Remove(val, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
+		Assert(val == TestFlagEnum::Test3, YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Remove"));
+		
+		val = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(TestFlagEnum::Test3, TestFlagEnum::Test5);
+		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(val, TestFlagEnum::Test3), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Has"));
+		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(val, TestFlagEnum::Test4), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Has"));
+		
+		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(TestFlagEnum::Test1), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool"));
+		Assert(YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool(TestFlagEnum::Test2), YYCC_U8("YYCC::EnumHelper::Bool"));
+
+	}
+
+	static void VersionMacroTestbench() {
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_E(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_E"));
+		Assert(!YYCC_VERCMP_NE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NE"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_G(1, 2, 3, 0, 2, 5), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_G"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_GE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_GE"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_NL(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NL"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_L(0, 2, 5, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_L"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_LE(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_LE"));
+		Assert(YYCC_VERCMP_NG(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3), YYCC_U8("YYCC_VERCMP_NG"));
+	}
+
+	enum class TestEnum : int8_t {
+		Test1, Test2, Test3
+	};
+
+	class TestConfigManager {
+	public:
+		TestConfigManager() :
+			m_IntSetting(YYCC_U8("int-setting"), INT32_C(0)),
+			m_FloatSetting(YYCC_U8("float-setting"), 0.0f),
+			m_StringSetting(YYCC_U8("string-setting"), YYCC_U8("")),
+			m_BoolSetting(YYCC_U8("bool-setting"), false),
+			m_ClampedFloatSetting(YYCC_U8("clamped-float-setting"), 0.0f, YYCC::Constraints::GetMinMaxRangeConstraint<float>(-1.0f, 1.0f)),
+			m_EnumSetting(YYCC_U8("enum-setting"), TestEnum::Test1),
+			m_CoreManager(YYCC_U8("test.cfg"), UINT64_C(0), {
+				&m_IntSetting, &m_FloatSetting, &m_StringSetting, &m_BoolSetting, &m_ClampedFloatSetting, &m_EnumSetting
+			}) {}
+		~TestConfigManager() {}
+
+		void PrintSettings() {
+			Console::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("Config Manager Settings:"));
+
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tint-setting: %" PRIi32), m_IntSetting.Get());
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tfloat-setting: %f"), m_FloatSetting.Get());
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tstring-setting: %s"), m_StringSetting.Get().c_str());
+
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tbool-setting: %s"), m_BoolSetting.Get() ? YYCC_U8("true") : YYCC_U8("false"));
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tfloat-setting: %f"), m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get());
+			Console::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\tenum-setting: %" PRIi8), static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<TestEnum>>(m_EnumSetting.Get()));
+		}
+
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<int32_t> m_IntSetting;
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<float> m_FloatSetting;
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::StringSetting m_StringSetting;
+
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<bool> m_BoolSetting;
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<float> m_ClampedFloatSetting;
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::NumberSetting<TestEnum> m_EnumSetting;
+
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager m_CoreManager;
+	};
+
+	static void ConfigManagerTestbench() {
+		// init cfg manager
+		TestConfigManager test;
+
+		// test constraint works
+		Assert(!test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Set(2.0f), YYCC_U8("YYCC::Constraints::Constraint"));
+		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::Constraints::Constraint"));
+
+		// test modify settings
+#define TEST_MACRO(member_name, set_val) { \
+	Assert(test.member_name.Set(set_val), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::AbstractSetting::Set")); \
+	Assert(test.member_name.Get() == set_val, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::AbstractSetting::Set")); \
+}
+
+		TEST_MACRO(m_IntSetting, INT32_C(114));
+		TEST_MACRO(m_FloatSetting, 2.0f);
+		TEST_MACRO(m_StringSetting, YYCC_U8("fuck"));
+		TEST_MACRO(m_BoolSetting, true);
+		TEST_MACRO(m_ClampedFloatSetting, 0.5f);
+		TEST_MACRO(m_EnumSetting, TestEnum::Test2);
+
+#undef TEST_MACRO
+
+		// test save
+		test.PrintSettings();
+		Assert(test.m_CoreManager.Save(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Save"));
+
+		// test reset
+		test.m_CoreManager.Reset();
+		test.PrintSettings();
+		Assert(test.m_IntSetting.Get() == INT32_C(0), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+		Assert(test.m_FloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+		Assert(test.m_StringSetting.Get() == YYCC_U8(""), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+		Assert(test.m_BoolSetting.Get() == false, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+		Assert(test.m_EnumSetting.Get() == TestEnum::Test1, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Reset"));
+
+		// test load
+		YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult wrong_result = YYCC::EnumHelper::Merge(
+			YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult::ItemError,
+			YYCC::ConfigManager::ConfigLoadResult::BrokenFile
+		);
+		Assert(!YYCC::EnumHelper::Has(test.m_CoreManager.Load(), wrong_result), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		test.PrintSettings();
+		Assert(test.m_IntSetting.Get() == INT32_C(114), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		Assert(test.m_FloatSetting.Get() == 2.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		Assert(test.m_StringSetting.Get() == YYCC_U8("fuck"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		Assert(test.m_BoolSetting.Get() == true, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatSetting.Get() == 0.5f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+		Assert(test.m_EnumSetting.Get() == TestEnum::Test2, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ConfigManager::CoreManager::Load"));
+
+	}
+
+	class TestArgParser {
+	public:
+		TestArgParser() :
+			m_IntArgument(YYCC_U8("int"), YYCC_U8_CHAR('i'), YYCC_U8("integral argument"), YYCC_U8("114514")),
+			m_FloatArgument(nullptr, YYCC_U8_CHAR('f'), nullptr, nullptr, true),
+			m_StringArgument(YYCC_U8("string"), YYCC::ArgParser::AbstractArgument::NO_SHORT_NAME, nullptr, nullptr, true),
+			m_BoolArgument(nullptr, YYCC_U8_CHAR('b'), nullptr),
+			m_ClampedFloatArgument(YYCC_U8("clamped-float"), YYCC::ArgParser::AbstractArgument::NO_SHORT_NAME, nullptr, nullptr, true, YYCC::Constraints::GetMinMaxRangeConstraint<float>(-1.0f, 1.0f)),
+			m_OptionContext(YYCC_U8("TestArgParser"), YYCC_U8("This is the testbench of argument parser."), {
+				&m_IntArgument, &m_FloatArgument, &m_StringArgument,
+				&m_BoolArgument, &m_ClampedFloatArgument
+			}) {}
+		~TestArgParser() {}
+
+		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<int32_t> m_IntArgument;
+		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<float> m_FloatArgument;
+		YYCC::ArgParser::StringArgument m_StringArgument;
+
+		YYCC::ArgParser::SwitchArgument m_BoolArgument;
+		YYCC::ArgParser::NumberArgument<float> m_ClampedFloatArgument;
+
+		YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext m_OptionContext;
+	};
+
+	static void ArgParserTestbench(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+		// test command line getter
+		{
+			YYCC::ConsoleHelper::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd"));
+			auto result = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd(argc, argv);
+			for (result.Reset(); !result.IsEOF(); result.Next()) {
+				YYCC::ConsoleHelper::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), result.Argument().c_str());
+			}
+		}
+#if YYCC_OS == YYCC_OS_WINDOWS
+		{
+			YYCC::ConsoleHelper::WriteLine(YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromWin32"));
+			auto result = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromWin32();
+			for (result.Reset(); !result.IsEOF(); result.Next()) {
+				YYCC::ConsoleHelper::FormatLine(YYCC_U8("\t%s"), result.Argument().c_str());
+			}
+		}
+#endif
+
+		// test option context
+		// init option context
+		TestArgParser test;
+
+#define PREPARE_DATA(...) const char* test_argv[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
+auto al = YYCC::ArgParser::ArgumentList::CreateFromStd(sizeof(test_argv) / sizeof(char*), const_cast<char**>(test_argv));
+
+		// normal test
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514");
+			Assert(test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_IntArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_IntArgument.Get() == UINT32_C(114514), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(!test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(!test.m_FloatArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(!test.m_StringArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(!test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(!test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// no argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// error argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-?", "114514");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// lost argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// dplicated assign
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514" "--int", "114514");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// extra useless argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514" "1919810");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// invalid clamp argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514", "--clamped-float", "114.0");
+			Assert(!test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+		// full argument
+		{
+			PREPARE_DATA("exec", "-i", "114514", "-f", "2.0", "--string", "fuck", "-b", "--clamped-float", "0.5");
+			Assert(test.m_OptionContext.Parse(al), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_IntArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_IntArgument.Get() == UINT32_C(114514), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_FloatArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_FloatArgument.Get() == 2.0f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_StringArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_StringArgument.Get() == YYCC_U8("fuck"), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_BoolArgument.IsCaptured(), YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			Assert(test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.IsCaptured() && test.m_ClampedFloatArgument.Get() == 0.5f, YYCC_U8("YYCC::ArgParser::OptionContext::Parse"));
+			test.m_OptionContext.Reset();
+		}
+
+		// Help text
+		test.m_OptionContext.Help();
+
+#undef PREPARE_DATA
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+
+#if YYCC_VERCMP_NE(YYCC_VER_MAJOR, YYCC_VER_MINOR, YYCC_VER_PATCH, 1, 3 ,0)
+#error "The YYCC library used when compiling is not match code expected, this may cause build error."
+#error "If you trust it, please annotate these preprocessor statement, otherwise please contact developer."
+#endif
+
+	// common testbench
+	// normal
+	YYCCTestbench::EncodingTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::StringTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::ParserTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::WinFctTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::StdPatchTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::EnumHelperTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::VersionMacroTestbench();
+	// advanced
+	YYCCTestbench::ConfigManagerTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::ArgParserTestbench(argc, argv);
+
+	// testbench which may terminal app or ordering input
+	YYCCTestbench::ConsoleTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::DialogTestbench();
+	YYCCTestbench::ExceptionTestbench();
+}

testbench/yycc/constraint.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <yycc.hpp>
+#include <yycc/constraint.hpp>
+#include <yycc/prelude/rust.hpp>
+
+#define CONSTRAINT ::yycc::constraint::Constraint
+
+namespace yycctest::constraint {
+
+    template<typename T>
+    bool check(const T& value) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    T clamp(const T& value) {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    TEST(Constraint, Normal) {
+        CONSTRAINT<u32> instance(check<u32>, clamp<u32>);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(instance.support_check());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(instance.support_clamp());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(instance.check(0));
+        EXPECT_EQ(instance.clamp(0), 0);
+    }
+
+    TEST(Constraint, SomeNone) {
+        {
+            CONSTRAINT<u32> instance(check<u32>, nullptr);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(instance.support_check());
+            EXPECT_FALSE(instance.support_clamp());
+            EXPECT_FALSE(instance.check(0));
+        }
+        {
+            CONSTRAINT<u32> instance(nullptr, clamp<u32>);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(instance.support_check());
+            EXPECT_TRUE(instance.support_clamp());
+            EXPECT_EQ(instance.clamp(0), 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST(Constraint, AllNone) {
+        CONSTRAINT<u32> instance(nullptr, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(instance.support_check());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(instance.support_clamp());
+    }
+
+}

testbench/yycc/constraint/builder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace yycctest::constraint::builder {
+
+}

testbench/yycc/string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+namespace yycctest::string {}

testbench/yycc/string/op.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <yycc.hpp>
+#include <yycc/string/op.hpp>
+#include <yycc/string/reinterpret.hpp>
+
+#define OP ::yycc::string::op
+
+namespace yycctest::string::op {
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Printf) {
+        auto rv = OP::printf(YYCC_U8("%s == %s"), YYCC_U8("Hello World"), YYCC_U8("Hello, world"));
+        EXPECT_EQ(rv, YYCC_U8("Hello World == Hello, world"));
+    }
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Replace) {
+
+    }
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Lower) {
+        auto rv = OP::lower(YYCC_U8("LOWER"));
+        EXPECT_EQ(rv, YYCC_U8("lower"));
+    }
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Upper) {
+        auto rv = OP::upper(YYCC_U8("upper"));
+        EXPECT_EQ(rv, YYCC_U8("UPPER"));
+    }
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Join) {
+
+    }
+
+    TEST(StringOp, Split) {
+
+    }
+
+}

testbench/yycc/string/reinterpret.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <yycc.hpp>
+
+namespace yycctest::string::reinterpret {
+
+}